Sökning: "Substantia nigra"

Visar resultat 6 - 10 av 133 avhandlingar innehållade orden Substantia nigra.

  1. 6. GDNF gene delivery in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. Long-term effects on intact, injured and transplanted dopamine neurons using lentiviral gene transfer

    Författare :Biljana Georgievska; Neurobiologi; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Neurologi; Neurology; neuropsykologi; neurofysiologi; neurophysiology; transplantation; tyrosine hydroxylase; tetracycline; striatum; substantia nigra; sprouting; regulation; neuroprotection; lentivirus; gene therapy; GDNF; behavior; dopamine; neuropsychology;

    Sammanfattning : Parkinson's disease is characterized by a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to a loss of dopamine in the target structure striatum and development of motor symptoms, such as bradykinesia, rigidity and tremor. New experimental treatment strategies for Parkinson's disease are aimed at either preventing the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons, or at restoring dopamine in the striatum by fetal dopaminergic transplants. LÄS MER

  3. 7. Selective Retention of β-Carbolines and 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in the Brain : Role of Neuromelanin and Cytochrome P450 for Toxicity

    Författare :Anna Östergren; Eva Brittebo; Nils Gunnar Lindquist; Anne-Lie Svensson; Hans Tjälve; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Toxicology; β-carboline; neuromelanin; norharman; harman; parkinsonism; Parkinson s disease; motoric impairment; behaviour; glia cells; substantia nigra; dopamine melanin; PC12 cells; ER stress; grp78; hsp90; cytochrome P450; CYP1A1; CYP1B1; blood-brain interfaces; 7; 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; endothelial cell; smooth muscle cell; bioactivation; Toxikologi; Toxicology; Toxikologi; Toxicology; toxikologi;

    Sammanfattning : The ß-carbolines norharman and harman structurally resemble the synthetic compound 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) that is known for its ability to damage neuromelanin-containing dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra and thereby induce parkinsonism. MPTP is, however, not normally present in the environment whereas the ß-carbolines are present in cooked food and tobacco smoke. LÄS MER

  4. 8. Neuroprotective and regenerative actions of GDNF and neurturin on nigral dopamine neurons in rat models of Parkinson’s disease – Prospects for clinical use of neurotrophic factors in neurodegenerative disorders

    Författare :Carl Rosenblad; Neurobiologi; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; neurophysiology; neuropsychology; Neurology; striatum; substantia nigra; dopamine; GDNF; neurturin; sprouting; neuroprotection; forelimb akinesia; rotation; tyrosine hydroxylase; transplantation; Neurologi; neuropsykologi; neurofysiologi;

    Sammanfattning : Parkinson’s disease is characterized by progressive degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopamine system, which results in tremor, rigidity, akinesia and postural abnormalities. New therapeutic strategies are aimed at halting the neurodegenerative process or restoring the system by transplantation of fetal dopamine neurons. LÄS MER

  5. 9. United in Diversity : A Physiological and Molecular Characterization of Subpopulations in the Basal Ganglia Circuitry

    Författare :Thomas Viereckel; Åsa Wallén-Mackenzie; Åsa Konradsson-Geuken; Erika Comasco; Per Svenningsson; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; Glutamate; Optogenetics; Amperometry; Histology; Midbrain; Subthalamic Nucleus; Parkinson s disease; Ventral Tegmental Area; Substantia Nigra; Co-release;

    Sammanfattning : The Basal Ganglia consist of a number of different nuclei that form a diverse circuitry of GABAergic, dopaminergic and glutamatergic neurons. This complex network is further organized in subcircuits that govern limbic and motor functions in humans and other vertebrates. LÄS MER

  7. 10. Pathogenic effects of alpha-synuclein: modifications and toxicity

    Författare :Natalie Landeck; Brain Repair and Imaging in Neural Systems (BRAINS); []
    Nyckelord :Parkinson s disease; adeno-associated viral vector; animal models; alpha-synuclein; substantia nigra; dopaminergic neurons; phosphorylation; aggregation; toxicity;

    Sammanfattning : Accumulation of intraneuronal inclusions, containing mainly a protein called alpha-synuclein (asyn), is thought to play a critical role in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). In these so called Lewy bodies, the majority of asyn is phosphorylated at serine 129 (pS129) suggesting that post-translational modifications may play a critical role in the process of aggregate formation. LÄS MER