Sökning: "pancreatic islets"

Visar resultat 36 - 40 av 236 avhandlingar innehållade orden pancreatic islets.

  1. 36. Free fatty acids and insulin hypersecretion studied in human islets

    Författare :Jing Cen; Peter Bergsten; Miriam Cnop; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; free fatty acids; palmitate; human islets; EndoC-βH1 cells; metformin; sorcin; insulin secretion; mitochondrial respiration; ER stress; human transcriptome array; Medical Cell Biology; Medicinsk cellbiologi;

    Sammanfattning : Free fatty acid (FFA) levels are increased in many obese subjects. High FFA levels stimulate the pancreatic beta-cells but have negative long-term effects. In obese children with high FFA levels circulating insulin concentration is high early in life but decline with age precipitating the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). LÄS MER

  3. 37. Prevention of type 1 diabetes mellitus in experimental studies

    Författare :Maria Holstad; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Cell biology; Cytokines; inducible nitric oxide synthase; nitric oxide; NOD mice; pancreatic islets; prolactin; syngeneic islet transplantation; tumour necrosis factor alpha; type 1 diabetes mellitus; Cellbiologi; Cell biology; Cellbiologi; medicinsk cellbiologi; Medical Cell Biology;

    Sammanfattning : The aim of the study was to examine the immune response and different immunoprotective strategies in experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus. The autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells that leads to type 1 diabetes is complex and incompletely understood. LÄS MER

  4. 38. Investigations of Strategies to Counteract Proinflammatory Cytokines in Experimental Type 1 Diabetes

    Författare :Andreas Börjesson; Stellan Sandler; Annika Carlsson; Jens Nielsen; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :LANTBRUKSVETENSKAPER; AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES; Type 1 diabetes; proinflammatory cytokines; SOCS-3; pancreatic islets; inducible nitric oxide synthase; insulin secretion; NOD mice; islet transplantation; proinsulin conversion; streptozotocin; prolactin; Medicine; Medicin;

    Sammanfattning : Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease targeted against the pancreatic β-cells. Proinflammatory cytokines are considered to play a major role in the destruction of the insulin-producing β-cells. This thesis studied strategies to counteract proinflammatory cytokines in experimental T1D. LÄS MER

  5. 39. Blood Flow Regulation and Inflammatory Response in Experimental Models of Diabetes

    Författare :Ulrika Pettersson; Mia Phillipson; Leif Jansson; Johanna Henriksnäs; Mikael Rydén; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Islets; beta-cells; pancreas; inflammation; obesity; adipose tissue; rats; mice; leukocytes; beta3-adrenoceptors; Medical Cell Biology; Medicinsk cellbiologi;

    Sammanfattning : Type 2 diabetes is caused by defect pancreatic islet β-cells together with peripheral insulin resistance. The disease is often accompanied by obesity with associated low-grade visceral adipose tissue inflammation, which contributes to insulin resistance. LÄS MER

  7. 40. Regulation of cytokine-induced nitric oxide production in insulin-producing cells

    Författare :Malin Flodström; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Cell biology; Diabetes; pancreatic islets; insulin-producing cells; cytokines; nitric oxide; inducible nitric oxide synthase; nuclear factor-kappaB; interferon regulatory factor-1; arginine; citrulline; argininosuccinate synthetase; insulin release; Cellbiologi; Cell biology; Cellbiologi; medicinsk cellbiologi; Medical Cell Biology;

    Sammanfattning : Cytokine-induced expression of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and production of nitric oxide (NO) may contribute to pancreatic β-cell damage during the development of type 1 diabetes. iNOS catalyses the conversion of arginine into citrulline and NO, a reaction regulated by the amount of expressed iNOS enzyme and by the cellular availability of arginine. LÄS MER