Sökning: "glia"

Visar resultat 31 - 35 av 118 avhandlingar innehållade ordet glia.

1. 31. Neurotoxicity of methylmercury : analysis of molecular mechanisms and behavioral alterations

   Författare :Elisabetta Daré; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :Apoptosis; oxidative stress; neurons; glia; rats; dopamine; locomotion; learning and memory; environmental pollutants;

   Sammanfattning : MethyImercury (MeHg) is a global pollutant that is toxic for the nervous system, especially during development. Contaminated fish is the main route of human exposure. Recent studies have indicated that neurological alterations in humans may occur even after exposure to fairly low levels of MeHg. LÄS MER

3. 32. Molecular basis for the anti-inflammatory properties of chlomethiazole

   Författare :Anastasia Simi; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :Stroke; neuroprotection; p38 MAP kinase; chlomethiazole; interleukin-1; c-fos; inflammation; glia; lipopolysaccharide; molecular mechanisms; ischaemia;

   Sammanfattning : Chlomethiazole (CMZ) exerts neuroprotective effects in animal models of stroke, and its clinical efficacy is currently evaluated in acute stroke patients. CMZ also protects the liver from alcohol- induced oxidative damage by inhibiting the cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), as well as inflammation associated with alcohol liver disease (ALD) by inhibiting cytokine expression. LÄS MER

4. 33. Trophic factors, neuroprotection and spinal cord repair

   Författare :Johan Widenfalk; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :spinal cord injury; GDNF; GFRalpha; neurotrophin; VEGF; olfactory ensheathing glia; weight-drop injury; in situ hybridization;

   Sammanfattning : Background: There is no cure for paralysis. The only drug therapy presently in use, acute high-dose methylprednisolone, has only modest effects on outcome. There is therefore a great need for new therapies. LÄS MER

5. 34. Mechanisms underlying sustained synaptic release of glutamate

   Författare :Oleg Shupliakov; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :synaptic transmission; synaptic vesicle proteins; synapsin; glutamate; glutamine; glutamate uptake; glia; spinal cord; hippocampus; neuromuscular junction; lamprey; crayfish; mouse.;

   Sammanfattning : Fast communication between neurons in the brain is mediated mainly by amino acid transmitters, such as glutamate, GABA and glycine. These transmitters are stored in small synaptic vesicles which undergo exocytosis at synaptic release sites (active zones) in response to action potentials. LÄS MER

7. 35. Regulation of neurotrophic signaling molecules in motor neurons, primary sensory neurons and target tissues in senescence

   Författare :Yu Ming; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :Aging; dorsal root ganglion; spinal cord; muscle; neurotrophins; GFRalpha; Ret; FGF-2; gp 130; CNTF; LIF; IL-6; receptors; protein; mRNA; glia; axon dystrophy; demyelination.;

   Sammanfattning : A hallmark of senescence is sensorimotor impairment, characterized by gait disturbance, deficits in postural control, and muscle weakness. The object of this thesis work was to elucidate some of the molecular basis underlying these disturbances, mainly referring to the occurrence of characteristic changes in gene-expression pattern, especially, alterations in trophic signaling associated with the phenotypic changes seen in motoneurons as well as primary sensory neurons and target muscles during aging. LÄS MER