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1. 1. New Approaches to Studies of Paracellular Drug Transport in Intestinal Epithelial Cell Monolayers

   Författare :Staffan Tavelin; Per Artursson; Staffan Tavelin; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Pharmaceutics; intestinal epithelium; tight junctions; cell culture; Galenisk farmaci; Pharmaceutics; Galenisk farmaci; galenisk farmaci; Pharmaceutics;

   Sammanfattning : Studies of intestinal drug permeability have traditionally been performed in the colon-derived Caco-2 cell model. However, the permeability of these cell monolayers resembles that of the colon rather than that of the small intestine, which is the major site of drug absorption following oral administration. LÄS MER

3. 2. Unique Solutions to Universal Problems : Studies of the Archaeal Cell

   Författare :Erik A. Pelve; Rolf Bernander; Sonja Verena Albers; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Archaea; Cdv; Cell cycle; Cell division; Cell lysis; Crenarchaea; ESCRT-III; Flow cytometry; Microarray; Microscopy; Nitrosopumilus; SIRV2; Sulfolobus; Thaumarchaea; Transcription; VAP; Virus; Biology with specialization in Molecular Evolution; Biologi med inriktning mot molekylär evolution;

   Sammanfattning : Archaea is one of the three domains of life and studies of archaeal biology are important for understanding of life in extreme environments, fundamental biogeochemical processes, the origin of life, the eukaryotic cell and their own, unique biology. This thesis presents four studies of the archaeal cell, using the extremophilic Sulfolobus and ocean living Nitrosopumilus as model systems. LÄS MER

4. 3. Studies of cAMP and Ca2+ signaling in pancreatic islet cells

   Författare :Hongyan Shuai; Anders Tengholm; Erik Gylfe; Sebastian Barg; Albert Salehi; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; pancreatic islet; insulin; glucagon; somatostatin; pancreatic polypeptide; exendin- 9-39 ; GLP-1; GIP; ATP; adenosine; cAMP; Ca2 ; β-cell; α-cell; δ-cell; PP-cell;

   Sammanfattning : The blood glucose-lowering and -elevating hormones insulin and glucagon are released from the pancreatic islet β- and α-cells, respectively. The intracellular messengers Ca2+ and cAMP have central roles in controlling the secretion of both hormones, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. LÄS MER

5. 4. Effects of adenosine and acetylcholine on the lacrimal gland

   Författare :Stina K. Carlsson; J. Peter Gierow; Sven Tågerud; Darlene Dartt; Linnéuniversitetet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Lacrimal gland; adenosine; adenosine receptors; signal transduction; exocrine secretion; tear film; dry eye; Sjögren’s syndrome; acetylcholine; mitogen activated protein kinase; p38; Cell biology; Cellbiologi; Ophtalmology; Oftalmologi; Cell and molecular biology; Cell- och molekylärbiologi; Cell biology; Cellbiologi; Molecular biology; Molekylärbiologi; Biomedical Sciences; Biomedicinsk vetenskap;

   Sammanfattning : A balanced tear film is essential for a healthy ocular surface. Insufficient tear production may result in dry eye, a common disorder in the elderly population. Dry eye causes significant discomfort in the patients and may lead to visual impairment and ocular infections. LÄS MER

7. 5. Molecular Studies of Mast Cell Migration and Apoptosis : Two Ways of Regulating Mast Cell Numbers at Sites of Inflammation

   Författare :Jessica Alfredsson; Gunnar Nilsson; Hans-Uwe Simon; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Pathology; mast cell; SCF; IL-3; FcεRI; migration; apoptosis; Bim; Bcl-2; Bcl-XL; Akt; FOXO; MAPK; Patologi; Pathology; Patologi;

   Sammanfattning : Upon activation mast cells release numerous proinflammatory mediators. With this feature, mast cells play an important role in host defense against pathogens, and are involved in tissue remodeling and wound healing. However, in cases of excessive inflammation the effects of mast cells are detrimental. LÄS MER