Sökning: "Causal contributions"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 30 avhandlingar innehållade orden Causal contributions.

1. 1. A Further Step of Causal Discovery towards Real-World Impacts

   Författare :Ruibo Tu; Hedvig Kjellström; Cheng Zhang; Robin Evans; KTH; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; causal discovery; missing data; fairness; functional causal model; Datalogi; Computer Science;

   Sammanfattning : The goal of many sciences is to find causal relationships and understand underlying mechanisms. As the golden standard for finding causal relationships, doing randomized experiments can be difficult or impossible in some applications; hence, determining underlying causal relationships purely from observational data, i.e. LÄS MER

3. 2. Reasons, Blame, and Collective Harms

   Författare :Mattias Gunnemyr; Metaphysics and Collectivity; []
   Nyckelord :HUMANIORA; HUMANITIES; Skäl; Klander; Orsakssamband; Ineffektivitetsproblemet; Kausala bidrag; Kausalitet; Omärkbara skador; Moralisk tur; Kontrastiva skäl; Den törstige resenären; Reasons; Blameworthiness; Causation; The inefficacy problem; Helping; Causal contributions; Imperceptible harm; Non-threshold cases; Moral luck; process-connection; security-dependence; Contrastive reasons; The thirsty traveller;

   Sammanfattning : Collective harm cases are situations in which things will become worse if enough acts of a certain kind are performed but no single act of the relevant kind will make a difference to the outcome. The inefficacy argument says that since one such act does not make a difference to the outcome, you have no outcome-related reason to refrain from acting in this way. LÄS MER

4. 3. Covariate selection and propensity score specification in causal inference

   Författare :Ingeborg Waernbaum; Xavier de Luna; Elena Stanghellini; Umeå universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Covariate selection; graphical models; matching; observational studies; treatment effects; unconfoundedness; Statistics; Statistik;

   Sammanfattning : This thesis makes contributions to the statistical research field of causal inference in observational studies. The results obtained are directly applicable in many scientific fields where effects of treatments are investigated and yet controlled experiments are difficult or impossible to implement. LÄS MER

5. 4. Making Possible by Making Visible : Learning through Visual Representations in Social Science

   Författare :Ann-Sofie Jägerskog; Cecilia Lundholm; Peter Davies; Magnus Hultén; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; social science teaching; visual representation; pricing; causal relationships; teaching and learning; phenomenography; variation theory; practice theory; teaching-learning practice; epistemic practices; upper secondary school; design research; graphs; economics; social studies; ämnesdidaktik med inriktning mot de samhällsvetenskapliga ämnenas didaktik; Teaching and Learning with Specialisation in the Social Sciences Education;

   Sammanfattning : This thesis focuses upon the relationship between teaching and learning of dynamic phenomena and processes in social science and the use of visual representations in social science teaching. Teaching in social science uses many visual representations, such as models, flowcharts and diagrams, in order to help students to grasp phenomena, structures and processes in society. LÄS MER

7. 5. Scarcity, Abundance and Sufficiency: Contributions to Social and Economic Theory

   Författare :Adel Daoud; Göteborgs universitet; []
   Nyckelord :SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; economics; sociology; scarcity; abundance; sufficiency;

   Sammanfattning : Economic sociology has established itself as a strong and vibrant field in the social sciences. A number of significant studies have been conducted on the relation between the economy and society: on firms, markets, networks, money, and general action theory. But little has been done on the issues of scarcity, abundance, and sufficiency (SAS). LÄS MER