Sökning: "pancreatic beta-cells"

Visar resultat 16 - 20 av 105 avhandlingar innehållade orden pancreatic beta-cells.

1. 16. Tissue Factor regulation, signaling and functions beyond coagulation with a focus on diabetes

   Författare :Desireé Edén; Agneta Siegbahn; Sofia Ramström; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :Tissue factor; diabetes; cell signaling; coagulation; beta cells; adipocytes; apoptosis; lipolysis; micro RNA; Medicinsk vetenskap; Medical Science;

   Sammanfattning : Background: Tissue factor (TF) is a 47 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein best known for initiating the coagulation cascade upon binding of its ligand FVIIa. Apart from its physiological role in coagulation, TF and TF/FVIIa signaling has proved to be involved in diseases such as diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases. LÄS MER

3. 17. Increased glucocorticoid sensitivity in pancreatic beta-cells : effects on glucose metabolism and insulin release

   Författare :Behrous Davani; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :Glucocorticoids; glucocorticoid receptor; Pancreatic beta-cell; Type 2 diabetes; insulin release;

   Sammanfattning : Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by three pathological alterations: (1) insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, (2) increased hepatic glucose production and (3) impaired insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta-cells. Glucocorticoids (GCs) exert profound effects on glucose homeostasis. LÄS MER

4. 18. Intracellular signaling of phosphorylated insitol compounds : a study in pancreatic beta-cells and hippocampal neurons

   Författare :Jia Yu; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :InsP6; L-type Ca 2 channel; hippocampal neuron; Ins 1; 4; 5 P3; Ca2 ; cyt-MIPP; pancreatic beta-cell; PtdIns 3; 4; 5 P3; Ptdlns 3; 5 P2.;

   Sammanfattning : The family of phosphorylated inositol compounds consists of soluble cytosolic inositol phosphates and insoluble inositol phospholipids, localized in cellular membranes and the nuclear matrix. Although inositol phospholipids only account for 5-10% of total plasma membrane lipids, these compounds and their inositol phosphate derivatives play an important role in a broad range of cellular processes including intracellular Ca 2+ signalling, ion channel regulation, vesicle trafficking, both exo- and endocytosis, cell growth and apoptosis. LÄS MER

5. 19. Membrane rafts and its GPI anchored complement inhibitors regulate insulin secretion

   Författare :Vini Nagaraj; Diabetes - öpatofysiologi; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Membrane rafts; basal insulin secretion; regulated insulin secretion; CD59; CD55; SNARE proteins; insulin; pancreatic beta cells.;

   Sammanfattning : Type 2 diabetic patients usually exhibit an abnormal lipid profile. One such lipid that is constantly elevated in T2D is cholesterol. At the cellular level, cholesterol aids in tight packing of sphingolipids in certain regions of the plasma membrane and these specialized regions are termed ‘membrane rafts’, which act as signalling hubs. LÄS MER

7. 20. Pathophysiology and treatment of defective insulin secretion in diabetes

   Författare :Anders Rosengren; Diabetes - öpatofysiologi; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; pancreatic beta-cells; stem cells; genetics; exocytosis; Adra2a; PACAP; GLP-1; Physiology; Fysiologi; secreting systems; Endocrinology; diabetology; Endokrinologi; insulin secretion; Diabetes mellitus; sekretion; diabetologi;

   Sammanfattning : Defective insulin secretion is a central feature in diabetes mellitus and results from reduced pancreatic beta-cell mass as well as aberrant beta-cell function. The pathophysiology of diabetes is incompletely known, but a strong hereditary component is suggested. LÄS MER