Sökning: "cell type"
Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 2853 avhandlingar innehållade orden cell type.
1. Pancreatic extracellular communication. Applications to beta cell cultures and islet amyloid polypeptide aggregation
Sammanfattning : Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease with epidemic proportions due to increased incidences worldwide, persistence of undiagnosed cases, uncontrolled forms of the disease, association with cardiovascular complications, and lack of definitive treatment options. In particular, type 2 DM (T2DM) is placing an enormous financial burden on worldwide healthcare systems that will increase in the futureThere is a need to develop physiological assay platforms that provide functionally relevant models of diabetes in order to accelerate the discovery of new treatments. LÄS MER
2. TGF-beta signaling in cancer
Sammanfattning : Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β) is a cytokine regulating a wide range of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and migration. At the early stages of cancer development TGF-β functions as a tumor suppressor, mainly due to its inhibitory effect on cellular growth, but during cancer progression, mutations in TGF-β signal components switches TGF-β into a promoter of cancer cell proliferation, survival and metastasis. LÄS MER
3. Studies of neuropeptides in pancreatic beta cell function with special emphasis on islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP)
Sammanfattning : The presence of protein amyloid in pancreas and its association to diabetes was first described 100 years ago in 1901, but was not identified as Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP) until 1986. The aim of the present work was to determine the role of the beta cell hormone, IAPP, in normal pancreatic islet physiology and during early disturbances of islet function. LÄS MER
4. Genetic pathways controlling CNS development : The role of Notch signaling in regulating daughter cell proliferation in Drosophila
Sammanfattning : The human central nervous system (CNS) displays the greatest cellular diversity of any organ system, consisting of billions of neurons, of numerous cell sub-types, interconnected in a vast network. Given this enormous complexity, decoding the genetic programs controlling the multistep process of CNS development remains a major challenge. LÄS MER
5. Unraveling Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes in Human Adipocytes : Role of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and forkhead box protein 01 (FOX01)
Sammanfattning : Type 2 Diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia primarily caused due to insulin resistance in insulin responsive tissues and insufficient production of insulin by the β-cells. Insulin resistance appears to develop first in the expanding adipose tissue during caloric surplus and affects other tissues like liver and muscle by ectopic fat accumulation. LÄS MER