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Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 9 avhandlingar som matchar ovanstående sökkriterier.

1. 1. Virus tropism and neutralization response in SIV infection

   Författare :Anna Laurén; Avdelningen för medicinsk mikrobiologi; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Naturvetenskap; Natural science; Medicin människa och djur ; Medicine human and vertebrates ; HIV; SIV; mode of CCR5 use; CD4-independence; macrophage tropism; coreceptor use; neutralization; evolution; pathogenesis;

   Sammanfattning : Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections in macaques are commonly used as models to study the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Both SIV and HIV normally use the CD4 receptor and an additional coreceptor for cell entry. The most common coreceptors used by HIV are CCR5 and CXCR4. LÄS MER

3. 2. HIV-1 evolution, disease progression and molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 single and HIV-1 and HIV-2 dual-infected individuals in Guinea-Bissau

   Författare :Joakim Esbjörnsson; Institutionen för experimentell medicinsk vetenskap; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; HIV-1; HIV-2; Guinea-Bissau; subtype; disease progression; evolution; coreceptor tropism; CXCR4; gp120; V1-V3; CD4%; CD8%; soluble immune markers;

   Sammanfattning : The two genetically related human lentiviruses known today, HIV-1 (which is pandemic) and HIV-2 (which mainly is confined to West Africa), are the causative agents of AIDS. Progressive immune dysfunction and AIDS develop in most cases of untreated HIV-1 infection, but only in approximately 25-30% of HIV-2 infected individuals. LÄS MER

4. 3. Studies on HIV-2 antibody mediated neutralisation, coreceptor usage and in vivo tropism

   Författare :Andreas Mörner; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :HIV-2; neutralising antibodies; V3; combinatorial library; phage display; Fab fragment; coreceptor; CCR5; CXCR4; HIV encephalitis; macrophages microglia;

   Sammanfattning : Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is the second virus that causes AIDS in humans. It has a genetic identity with HIV-1 of 40-60% and similar genetic organisation and biological properties, but the two viruses are distinguished certain features. LÄS MER

5. 4. HIV-1 infection during pregnancy and in children : significance of HIV-1 variability and the placental barrier

   Författare :Charlotte Casper; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :biological phenotype; genetic subtype; chemokine receptor; coreceptor; mother- to-child transmission; placenta; disease progression; child; pregnancy;

   Sammanfattning : With the global increase in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection in women of childbearing age, there has also been an alarming increase in the number of mother-to-child transmissions of HIV-1. Although antiretroviral therapy and Cesarian section have been demonstrated to significantly decrease the vertical transmission rate of, these interventions are not widely available in the developing world. LÄS MER

7. 5. Biological determinants of HIV infection : studies of viral evolution during disease progression in children and adults

   Författare :Åsa Björndal; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :HIV-1 HIV-2 biological phenotype genetic subtype chemokine receptors disease progression monocyte-derived macrophages;

   Sammanfattning : Coreceptor usage of primary HIV-1 isolates was analysed in relation to their biological phenotype and the severity of HIV-1 infection in the patient. The indicator cell lines, U87 glioma cells engineered to express CD4 and one of the chemokine receptors CCR1, CCR2b, CCR3, CCR5 or CXCR4, were infected with a panel of well-characterized primary HIV-1 isolates. LÄS MER