Sökning: "tobacco use"

Visar resultat 11 - 15 av 129 avhandlingar innehållade orden tobacco use.

1. 11. Strengthening lifestyle interventions in primary health care : the challenge of change and implementation of guidelines in clinical practice

   Författare :Therese Kardakis; Helene Johansson; Lars Weinehall; Lars Jerden; Monica Nyström; Charli Eriksson; Umeå universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Health orientation; health promotion; prevention; primary health care; readiness for change; lifestyles; clinical practice guidelines; implementation; guideline development; tobacco use; alcohol use; unhealthy eating habits; physical activity; organizational support; folkhälsa; Public health;

   Sammanfattning : Background: Lifestyle habits like tobacco use, hazardous use of alcohol, unhealthy eating habits and insufficient physical activity are risk factors for developing non-communicable diseases, which are the leading, global causes of death. Furthermore, ill health and chronic diseases are costly and put an increased burden on societies and health systems. LÄS MER

3. 12. Smokeless Tobacco (Snus) and Cardiovascular Disease : Associations with Heart Failure and Prognosis after Myocardial Infarction

   Författare :Gabriel Arefalk; Johan Sundström; Martin Holzmann; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Snus; smokeless tobacco; nicotine; cardiovascular disease; heart failure; myocardial infarction; mortality; prognosis; epidemiology; Epidemiologi; Epidemiology;

   Sammanfattning : Previous investigations of snus use (oral moist snuff, a Swedish form of smokeless tobacco) and cardiovascular disease have generally focused on atherosclerotic events such as myocardial infarction and stroke, likely because smoking is such a well-established risk factor for atherosclerotic disease. Smokeless administration of tobacco circumvents most of the atherogenic effects of the combusted products from smoked tobacco, but it is possible that the potent autonomic and hemodynamic effects of snus and nicotine per se are detrimental for cardiovascular tissues. LÄS MER

4. 13. The impact of tobacco use on postoperative complications

   Författare :David Lindström; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :Smoking; snus; obesity; postoperative complication; appendectomy; hernia; smoking cessation; cohort studies; randomised controlled trials.;

   Sammanfattning : In almost every field of surgery, there have been several reports of an increased frequency of wound healing complications among smokers. There is also evidence of a dramatic drop in the complication rate if a smoking cessation intervention is started 6 8 weeks ahead of orthopaedic surgery. LÄS MER

5. 14. From a uni-dimensional to a multi-dimensional health promotion perspective. Promoting a tobacco-free generation based on a motivational structure of behaviour

   Författare :Margareta von Bothmer; Göteborgs universitet; []
   Nyckelord :adolescence; behaviour; gender differences; health habits; Merleau-Ponty; meaning; motivation; personality trait; self-rated health; sense of coherence; student; tobacco-use;

   Sammanfattning : The overall aim of this thesis was to expand the knowledge of decisive factors acting on health behaviour at an intrapersonal and interpersonal level, and to obtain a deeper understanding of smoking behaviour. A university student population (n= 332) was used in order to investigate self-rated health and health habits in relation to different personality traits and motivation for a healthy lifestyle (sub-studies I-II). LÄS MER

7. 15. Tobacco use and dependence : does it originate in utero?

   Författare :Mina Rydell; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :;

   Sammanfattning : Prenatal nicotine exposure (such as from maternal smoking during pregnancy) has been hypothesized to cause a so called programming effect, where epigenetic changes might result in a long-lasting vulnerability to tobacco use and dependence, manifesting during adolescence or young adulthood. However, previous observational studies show mixed results, perhaps because the association could be influenced by a common genetic predisposition to tobacco use as well as by social factors influencing both parental tobacco use during pregnancy and tobacco use in the offspring. LÄS MER