Sökning: "human pancreatic islets"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 119 avhandlingar innehållade orden human pancreatic islets.

1. 1. Study of DNA methylation in human pancreatic islets

   Författare :Elin Hall; Diabetes - epigenetik; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; type 2 diabetes; epigenetics; DNA mehtylation; human pancreatic islets; insulin secretion;

   Sammanfattning : Today type 2 diabetes is a common disease with a worldwide prevalence of 8.3%. The disease is characterised by hyperglycaemia which is a result of insufficient insulin secretion from the beta-cells in the pancreatic islets as well as an insulin resistance seen in the target tissues. LÄS MER

3. 2. Implantation-Site Dependent Differences in Engraftment and Function of Transplanted Pancreatic Islets

   Författare :Joey Lau; Per-Ola Carlsson; Leif Jansson; Carina Carlsson; Caroline Kampf; Annika Tibell; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :Cell biology; Type 1 diabetes; pancreatic islets; human islets; islet transplantation; vascular engraftment; revascularization; implantation-site; microenvironment; vascular density; insulin release; pro insulin biosynthesis; glucose oxidation; Cellbiologi;

   Sammanfattning : Transplanting pancreatic islets into the liver through the portal vein is currently the most common procedure in clinical islet transplantations for treating patients with brittle type 1 diabetes. However, most islet grafts fail within a 5-year period necessitating retransplantation. LÄS MER

4. 3. CFTR in pancreatic islets

   Författare :Anna Edlund; Diabetes - öcellsexocytos; []
   Nyckelord :CFTR; CF; CFRD; Cystic fibrosis; Cystisk fibros; Diabetes; Insulin; Beta cell; Glukagon; Glucagon; Alpha cell; Alfa-cell; Anoctamin; ANO1; ANO;

   Sammanfattning : AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the anion channel and protein regulator CFTR. The most common co-morbidity in CF is CF-related diabetes (CFRD) affecting ~50% of adult patients. The etiopathology of CFRD is largely unknown but the destruction of the exocrine pancreas is thought to contribute. LÄS MER

5. 4. Free fatty acids and insulin hypersecretion studied in human islets

   Författare :Jing Cen; Peter Bergsten; Miriam Cnop; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; free fatty acids; palmitate; human islets; EndoC-βH1 cells; metformin; sorcin; insulin secretion; mitochondrial respiration; ER stress; human transcriptome array; Medical Cell Biology; Medicinsk cellbiologi;

   Sammanfattning : Free fatty acid (FFA) levels are increased in many obese subjects. High FFA levels stimulate the pancreatic beta-cells but have negative long-term effects. In obese children with high FFA levels circulating insulin concentration is high early in life but decline with age precipitating the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). LÄS MER

7. 5. Pancreatic Endocrine Tumourigenesis : Genes of potential importance

   Författare :Térèse A. Johansson; Barbro Eriksson; Britt Skogseid; Gunnar Westin; Martin Bäckdahl; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Pancreatic endocrine tumour; Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1; Tumourigenesis; Notch signalling; Notch1; Hes1; Neurog3; Neurod1; Men1; Ascl1; Pou3f4; Pdx1; Rpl10; Dlk1; Dkk1; Tph1; menin; Tumour biology; Tumörbiologi;

   Sammanfattning : Understanding signalling pathways that control pancreatic endocrine tumour (PET) development and proliferation may reveal novel targets for therapeutic intervention. The pathogenesis for sporadic and hereditary PETs, apart from mutations of the MEN1 and VHL tumour suppressor genes, is still elusive. LÄS MER