Sökning: "lamivudine"

Visar resultat 6 - 10 av 12 avhandlingar innehållade ordet lamivudine.

  1. 6. Prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus infection

    Författare :Per Sangfelt; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
    Nyckelord :Hepatitis B virus; vaccination; treatment; interferon-alpha; larnivudine; famciclovir;

    Sammanfattning : Despite 25 years of effective vaccines and availability of treatment options for 15 years, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections continue to be a major global health problem. In Sweden, selective screening and vaccination programmes are used in defined high-risk groups such as newborns of chronic HBV carrier mothers and health care workers with risk of blood exposure. LÄS MER

  3. 7. Studies of drug resistance in minor HIV quasispecies

    Författare :Halime Ekici; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
    Nyckelord :;

    Sammanfattning : The main objective was to study drug resistance mutations (DRM) in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) gene of minor HIV-1 quasispecies, not detectable with standard techniques. Sensitive allele-specific PCR (AS- PCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were developed to study resistance to drugs of relevance in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC); the nucleoside analogue RT inhibitor (NRTI) lamivudine (3TC) and the non-nucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTIs) efavirenz (EFV) and nevirapine (NVP). LÄS MER

  4. 8. Detection and significance of drug-resistant HIV-1 minor populations

    Författare :Tobias Bergroth; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
    Nyckelord :HIV-1; antiretroviral treatment; resistance; M184I V; minor populations; selective real-time PCR;

    Sammanfattning : The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the cause of the HIV/AIDS pandemic affecting millions of people around the world. Treatment with antiretroviral drugs, if used properly, leads to a dramatic decrease in virus production in the patient and prevents the onset of AIDS. LÄS MER

  5. 9. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 by antiretroviral treatment and the impact on maternal health in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

    Författare :Matilda Ngarina; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
    Nyckelord :;

    Sammanfattning : This thesis describes the results of the Mitra Plus study, including the outcome of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for preventing mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV-1 in breastfeeding women and improving HIV-free survival (Paper I), treatment outcome of women initiated on ART for life (Paper II) and reasons for poor drug adherence (Paper III) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Another study (qualitative in nature) explored women’s preferred treatment option for the prevention of breast milk transmission of HIV (Paper IV). LÄS MER

  7. 10. In vivo and in vitro models for determination of antiviral activity and resistance

    Författare :Ewa Ljungdahl Ståhle; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
    Nyckelord :;

    Sammanfattning : The AIDS epidemic has been the driving force for the discovery of substances that inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Much interest has earlier focused on a single gene product central to the life cycle of HIV and to all other retroviruses: the reverse transcriptase (RT), the enzyme responsible for synthesis of DNA from viral RNA. LÄS MER