Sökning: "maternal selection"

Visar resultat 6 - 10 av 45 avhandlingar innehållade orden maternal selection.

  1. 6. Causes and consequences of blood parasite infections in birds

    Författare :Martin Stjernman; Biodiversitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Animal physiology; Djurfysiologi; Parasitologi människa och djur ; Parasitology human and animal ; maternal transfer; stabilising selection; parasite resistance; parasites; trade-off; cost of reproduction; Ficedula hypoleuca; pied flycatcher; Haemoproteus; blue tit; Parus caeruleus;

    Sammanfattning : Parasites are ubiquitous and can cause significant fitness reductions to their hosts. Therefore, selection for the evolution of host resistance should be strong. However, resistance may be costly and should be traded-off against other fitness related traits. LÄS MER

  3. 7. Trophic, Indirect, and Evolutionary Interactions in a Plant–Herbivore–Parasitoid System

    Författare :Johan Stenberg; Lars Ericson; John Parker; Umeå universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Plant resistance; coevolution; herbivory; Skeppsvik; food web; parasitism; maternal effect; natural selection; Filipendula ulmaria; Chrysomelidae; Terrestrial ecology; Terrestisk ekologi;

    Sammanfattning : The aim of this thesis project was to elucidate patterns and processes associated with the biotic interactions in a natural plant–herbivore–parasitoid food web characterized by spatial and temporal heterogeneity with regard to species composition. The system examined is based on island populations of the perennial herb Meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria, Rosaceae), located in the Skeppsvik Archipelago. LÄS MER

  4. 8. Phenotypic Plasticity and Adaptation Potential to Salinity in Early Life Stages of the Tunicate, Ciona intestinalis spB

    Författare :Elin Renborg; Göteborgs universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Transgenerational acclimation; Environmental variation; Tolerance range; Marine invertebrate; Quantitative genetics; Genetic structure; Local adaptation; Sexual selection; Gamete compatibility; Relatedness; Inbreeding; Heritability; Maternal effects;

    Sammanfattning : Species respond to environmental heterogeneity through a variety of mechanisms such as plasticity, genetic adaptation and phenotypic buffering. Determining how gene flow, scale of environmental heterogeneity and trait heritability influence these responses is important for understanding how these different mechanisms arise, which is a central task in the field of evolutionary biology. LÄS MER

  5. 9. Selection during Early Life Stages and Local Adaptation in Arabidopsis thaliana

    Författare :Froukje M. Postma; Jon Ågren; Kathleen Donohue; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Dormancy cycling; Germination timing; Maternal effects; Natural variation; QTL mapping; Seed bank; Seed dormancy; Structural Equation Modeling; Biology with specialization in Ecological Botany; Biologi med inriktning mot ekologisk botanik;

    Sammanfattning : Organisms are often adapted to their local environment, but the role of early life stages in adaptive differentiation among populations remains poorly known. The aim of my thesis was to investigate the contribution of early life stages to the magnitude and genetic basis of local adaptation, and to identify the underlying adaptive traits. LÄS MER

  7. 10. Evolutionary consequences of maternal effects and stress

    Författare :Piotr K. Rowiński; Björn Rogell; Karl Gotthard; Katja Räsänen; Stockholms universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; parental effects; meta-analysis; development time; bet-hedging; brain size; evolutionary potential; unpredictable environments; zoologisk ekologi; Animal Ecology;

    Sammanfattning : Maternal effects occur when maternal environment or phenotype influence offspring phenotype, in addition to genetic contribution of the mother. As maternal effects often influence phenotypes that are under natural selection, they hence have evolutionary consequences. LÄS MER