Sökning: "X-ray lasers"

Visar resultat 21 - 25 av 69 avhandlingar innehållade orden X-ray lasers.

1. 21. The Role of Molecular Heterogeneity in the Structural Dynamics of Aqueous Solutions

   Författare :Sharon Berkowicz; Fivos Perakis; Giulio Monaco; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Water; Aqueous solutions; X-ray scattering; X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy; Dynamic light scattering; kemisk fysik; Chemical Physics;

   Sammanfattning : The liquid-liquid critical point hypothesis suggests that liquid water exists in two liquid states with different local structures, so-called high- and low-density liquid (HDL, LDL). At ambient pressure water locally fluctuates between these two states, with the fluctuations becoming more pronounced as the liquid is supercooled. LÄS MER

3. 22. Towards Fast and Robust Algorithms in Flash X-ray single-particle Imaging

   Författare :Jing Liu; Stefan Engblom; Filipe Maia; Janos Hajdu; Helmut Grubmüller; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; X-ray Free Electron lasers XFELs ; 3D electron density determination; Machine learning; Image processing; High-performance computing; GPUs; Uncertainty quantification; X-ray single-particle Imaging; Flash X-ray single-particle diffraction Imaging FXI ; ; Physics with specialization in Biophysics; Fysik med inriktning mot biofysik;

   Sammanfattning : Modern X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) technology provides the possibility to acquire a large number of diffraction patterns from individual biological nano-particles, including proteins, viruses, and DNA. Ideally, the collected data frames are high-quality single-particle diffraction patterns. LÄS MER

4. 23. Nuclear Dynamics in Linear and Non-linear X-ray Processes

   Författare :Quan Miao; Faris Gel'mukhanov; Vincenzo Carravetta; KTH; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES;

   Sammanfattning : New generations of brilliant synchrotron radiation sources and intense X-ray and optical lasers have opened unprecedent opportunities in linear and non-linear spectroscopies of molecules. This together with new instrumentation calls for further development of theory to explain observations and suggest new experiments. LÄS MER

5. 24. Flash Diffractive Imaging in Three Dimensions

   Författare :Tomas Ekeberg; Janos Hajdu; Keith Nugent; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; X-ray; diffraction; mimivirus; three dimensional; phase retrieval; EMC; manifold embedding; CXI; FEL; free-electron laser; single particle; Physics with specialization in Biophysics; Fysik med inriktning mot biofysik;

   Sammanfattning : During the last years we have seen the birth of free-electron lasers, a new type of light source ten billion times brighter than syncrotrons and able to produce pulses only a few femtoseconds long. One of the main motivations for building these multi-million dollar machines was the prospect of imaging biological samples such as proteins and viruses in 3D without the need for crystallization or staining. LÄS MER

7. 25. Laser-Driven Plasma Waves for Particle Acceleration and X-ray Production

   Författare :Guillaume Genoud; Atomfysik; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Laser plasma acceleration of electrons and protons; laser-wakefield acceleration; plasma waves; plasma-wiggler radiation; betatron radiation; laser guiding; laser pointing stabilisation;

   Sammanfattning : This thesis presents experimental results related to laser plasma accelerators. These rely on very different principles from conventional particle accelerators. LÄS MER