Öppna universum! : slutna traditioner i Salman Rushdies Satansverserna

Sammanfattning: This thesis in islamology shows how Salman Rushdie's novel The Satanic Verses (1988) examines questions concerning religion, nationality, race, and power, compromise and authenticity in a time when different global processes have created new ways of perceiving and relating to different traditions. It examines how The Satanic Verses portrays how people apprehend themselves and others when the conditions for these traditions are changing, and the potential threats of religious fundamentalism, nationalism and racism. The thesis makes use of Mikhail Bakhtins theories of literature and language not only to analyze the novel and its artistic devices but also as a means of approaching and conceptualizing a multiplicity of different historical and contemporary discourses. Bakhtins thoughts about heteroglossia, hybridity and centrifugal and centripetal forces are useful for an understanding of different ways of perceiving discourses about religion, nationality and race. His understanding of genres as ways of seeing, through which we perceive and visualize the world, is used in the thesis to analyze The Satanic Verses' treatment of these issues. The thesis shows how The Satanic Verses depicts how conceptions of Englishness and Britishness are being used in racist doctrines and acts. The novel throws into light some of the consequences that these doctrines and acts have for those who are living in Great Britain but not considered part of these conceptions. The analysis of The Satanic Verses' treatment of religious issues is divided into three parts. In the first part the thesis suggests that the novel can be read as a critical dialogue with episodes, characters and beliefs from Islamic traditions as they are perceived, delineated, interpreted and put to use in both Muslim and non-Muslim accounts and acts. The second part offers an analysis of The Satanic Verses' criticism of Ayatollah Khomeini and the Islamic revolution of Iran. The thesis shows how the novel uses allusions to the reports of Muhammeds' nightly journey to Jerusalem, isra, and the following ascension, miraj. The last part depicts The Satanic Verses' critique of some of the consequences of Hindu nationalism and some of its conceptions of India.