Sökning: "Operating reserve"
Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 9 avhandlingar innehållade orden Operating reserve.
1. Interruptible Load as an Ancillary Service in Deregulated Electricity Markets
Sammanfattning : Power companies world-wide have been restructuring their electric power systems from a vertically integrated entity to a deregulated, open-market environment. Previously, electric utilities usually sought to maximize the social welfare of the system with distributional equity as its main operational criterion. LÄS MER
2. Interruptible Load Services in Deregulated Power Market
Sammanfattning : Since the nineties decade, many electric utilities world-wide have been under restructuring from vertically integrated functioning to deregulated open-market system. In the erstwhile vertically integrated utilities, the system operator sought to maximize the social welfare with distributional equity (meeting the load at all time) as the main criteria, for the system as a whole. LÄS MER
3. Aggregation of Plug-in Electric Vehicles in Power Systems for Primary Frequency Control
Sammanfattning : The number of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) is likely to increase in the near future and these vehicles will probably be connected to the electric grid most of the day time. PEVs are interesting options to provide a wide variety of services such as primary frequency control (PFC), because they are able to quickly control their active power using electronic power converters. LÄS MER
4. Enhancing the Treatment of Systems Integration in Long-term Energy Models
Sammanfattning : Securing access to affordable energy services is of central importance to our societies. To do this sustainably, energy systems design should be – amongst other things – environmentally compliant and reconcile with the integrated management of potentially limiting resources. LÄS MER
5. Essays of Financial Performance and Capital Structure
Sammanfattning : This thesis consists of an introductory chapter and four self-contained essays on financial performance and capital structure. Essay I assesses the strength of strategic inputs into profitability among firms within several sub-sectors within the industrial service sector in the U.S. and Sweden. LÄS MER