Metal-Free Catalysis for Efficient Synthesis

Sammanfattning: The strength of efficient metal-free catalysis will be examined in this thesis. Efforts towards more sustainable processes will be demonstrated through implementation of strategies that meet several of the 12 principles of Green Chemistry.In the first part, a stereoselective total synthesis of multiple alkaloids from the Corynantheine and Ipecac families together with their non-natural analogues will be disclosed. A highly efficient, common synthetic strategy is applied leading to high overall yields starting from easily available starting material. Overall operational simplicity and sustainability have been the main focus. Time-consuming and waste-generating isolations and purifications of intermediates have been minimized, as well as the introduction of protection-group chemistry. Moreover, the first example of the total synthesis of Hydroxydihydrocorynantheol together with its non-natural epimer has been accomplished in multi-gram scale without protection groups and without a single isolation or purification step in high overall yield and diastereoselectivity.In the second part, carbocations will be presented as highly effective and versatile non-metal Lewis acid catalysts. Lewis acidity-tuning of carbocations will be introduced and applied in several reactions to suppress competing reactions. Finally, the broad scope of carbocation catalyzed transformations will be exposed.At large, evident progress has been made towards more sustainable chemistry.