Sökning: "state transitions"

Visar resultat 36 - 40 av 265 avhandlingar innehållade orden state transitions.

  1. 36. Weak Atomic Interactions

    Författare :Peter Schef; Sven Mannervik; Juliet C. Pickering; Stockholms universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; metastable states; forbidden transitions; laser probing; hyperfine structure; LRDR; Atomic physics; Atomfysik;

    Sammanfattning : An atom or ion can change quantum state, usually through emission or absorption of a photon. The photon has the same energy as the energy difference between the states of the transition. The states, or energy levels, of an atom are quantized and light emitted, or absorbed, from the atom is therefore of specific wavelengths, giving spectral lines. LÄS MER

  3. 37. Responding Model Membranes. Lipid Phase Behaviour, Domain Formation and Permeability

    Författare :Emma Sparr; Fysikalisk kemi; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Water and solute flux; Gradients; Monolayer; Two-dimensional crystals; Line activiy; Osmotic stress; Interlamellar forces; Phospholipid-cholesterol interactions; Phase transitions; Bilayer stack; Stratum corneum; Physical chemistry; Fysikalisk kemi;

    Sammanfattning : This thesis concerns the interplay between the lipid phase behaviour, domain formation and the permeability of bilayer membranes. An essential part of this work has been the understanding of the phase transitions and equilibrium properties of lipid bilayers. LÄS MER

  4. 38. Gibbs Measures and Phase Transitions in Potts and Beach Models

    Författare :Per Hallberg; KTH; []
    Nyckelord :Potts model; beach model; percolation; random-cluster model; Gibbs measure; coupling; Markov chains on infinite trees; critical exponent;

    Sammanfattning : The theory of Gibbs measures belongs to the borderlandbetween statistical mechanics and probability theory. In thiscontext, the physical phenomenon of phase transitioncorresponds to the mathematical concept of non-uniqueness for acertain type of probability measures.The most studied model in statistical mechanics is thecelebrated Ising model. LÄS MER

  5. 39. Modeling mesoscopic unconventional superconductors

    Författare :Patric Holmvall; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; phase transitions; Andreev bound states; quasiclassical theory; mesoscopic thin-films; spontaneous symmetry breaking; time-reversal symmetry; Unconventional superconductivity; translational symmetry;

    Sammanfattning : High-temperature superconducting materials are often experimentally realized as thin films that can be patterned into devices operating in the mesoscopic regime. On this length scale, various finite-size and surface effects heavily influence the nature of the superconducting state, and can induce new ground states with spontaneously broken symmetries. LÄS MER

  7. 40. Designing and Tuning the Properties of Materials by Quantum Mechanical Calculations

    Författare :Jailton Souza de Almeida; Rajeev Ahuja; Patrizia Monachesi; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :Physics; Density Functional Theory; Electronic Structure; Phase Transitions; High Pressure; Optical Properties; Dielectric Functions; Semiconductors; Metals; Fysik;

    Sammanfattning : In many materials, changes in chemical composition, pressure or temperature can induce metal to insulator transitions. It is recently observed in yttrium hydride, for example, changes from a shiny mirror (YH2) to a transparent window (YH3), which has important technological application in optical devices. LÄS MER