Sökning: "physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 6 avhandlingar innehållade orden physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling.

1. 1. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling in risk assessment - Development of Bayesian population methods

   Författare :Fredrik Jonsson; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Pharmaceutical biosciences; methyl chloride; dichloromethane; toluene; styrene; uncertainty; intra- individual variability; risk assessment; physiologically based modeling; Markov chain Monte Carlo; PBPK; Bayesian; population modeling; Farmaceutisk biovetenskap; Biopharmacy; Biofarmaci; Biopharmaceutics; biofarmaci;

   Sammanfattning : In risk assessment of risk chemicals, variability in susceptibility in the population is an important aspect. The health hazard of a pollutant is related to the internal exposure to the chemical, i.e. the target dose, rather than the external exposure. LÄS MER

3. 2. Physiologically Based Pharmacometric Models for Colistin and the Immune Response to Bacterial Infection

   Författare :Salim Bouchene; Mats O. Karlsson; Wilhelm Huisinga; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; PBPK model; endotoxin; colistin; WBPBPK-PD; CMS; inflammation; tissue distribution; Kp; predictions in tissue; interspecies scaling;

   Sammanfattning : Antibiotic treatment failure might be due to bacterial resistance or suboptimal exposure at target site and there is a lack of knowledge on the interaction between antimicrobial pharmacodynamics (PD) and the immune response to bacterial infections. Therefore, it is crucial to develop tools to increase the understanding of drug disposition to better evaluate antibiotic candidates in drug development and to elucidate the role of the immune system in bacterial infections. LÄS MER

4. 3. Improved Methods for Pharmacometric Model-Based Decision-Making in Clinical Drug Development

   Författare :Anne-Gaëlle Dosne; Mats O. Karlsson; Rik Schoemaker; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; pharmacometrics; nonlinear mixed-effects models; confirmatory trials; residual error modeling; parameter uncertainty; sampling importance resampling; model-averaging; Farmaceutisk vetenskap; Pharmaceutical Science;

   Sammanfattning : Pharmacometric model-based analysis using nonlinear mixed-effects models (NLMEM) has to date mainly been applied to learning activities in drug development. However, such analyses can also serve as the primary analysis in confirmatory studies, which is expected to bring higher power than traditional analysis methods, among other advantages. LÄS MER

5. 4. First-pass Intestinal Metabolism of Drugs : Experiences from in vitro, in vivo and simulation studies

   Författare :Helena Anna Thörn; Hans Lennernäs; Paul Alfred Dickinson; Brian Houston; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; pharmacokinetics; metabolism; CYP3A4; CYP2C9; CYP2D6; UGT; glucuronidation; physiologically based pharmacokinetic model; modelling; Biopharmaceutics; Biofarmaci;

   Sammanfattning : The bioavailability of a drug can be described as the fraction of an orally administered dose that reaches the systemic circulation and is often limited by first-pass metabolism in the gut and the liver. It is important to have knowledge about these processes since the systemic blood drug concentration is tightly connected to the effect of the drug. LÄS MER

7. 5. Improved scientific basis for human health risk assessment factors by toxicokinetic population modeling

   Författare :Anna-Karin Mörk; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :;

   Sammanfattning : Exposure limits or guidelines are derived to protect humans from adverse effects caused by exposure to chemical substances in the environment or at the workplace. The internal dose of a chemical is determined by toxicokinetic (TK) processes such as uptake, distribution and elimination, and is closely related to the risk of adversity. LÄS MER