Sökning: "glucotoxicity"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 14 avhandlingar innehållade ordet glucotoxicity.

  1. 1. Glucotoxicity in Insulin-Producing β-Cells

    Författare :Hanna K Nyblom; Peter Bergsten; Michael Welsh; Miriam Cnop; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :Cell biology; type 2 diabetes; SELDI-TOF MS; glucotoxicity; proteomics; insulin secretion; mitochondria; lipids; INS-1E cells; GC-MS; HR-MAS NMR; metabolomics; human islet; AMPK; AICAR; ER stress; apoptosis; Cellbiologi;

    Sammanfattning : Background and aims: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is connected with elevated glucose levels, which cause impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and degeneration of β-cells. Mechanisms for such glucotoxic effects were explored in the present study.Materials and methods: INS-1E cells were cultured for 5 days in 5. LÄS MER

  3. 2. Mechanisms underlying lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity in pancreatic islets

    Författare :Sandra Meidute; Islet cell physiology; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; hormone secretion; cell stress; Pancreatic beta-cell; cellular signalling; GPR40; diabetes;

    Sammanfattning : Although it has been known for many years that long-term exposure of pancreatic islets to a high level of free fatty acids (FFA) or glucose negatively modulates islet hormone release, the identities of signals mediating these effects are not yet fully clarified. The overall objective of this study was to investigate signal transduction pathways involved in FFA- and glucose-exerted effects on beta-cell function during both short-term as well as long-term exposure. LÄS MER

  4. 3. The impact of glucotoxicity on pancreatic β-cell function

    Författare :Sarheed Jabar Muhammed; Islet cell physiology; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; cAMP PKA system; iNOS; Type 2 diabetes; GSIS; PDE; GK rat; ZDF fa fa rat; GPR40; VDAC1; VDAC2; GSK-3β; ChREBP; TXNIP; resveratrol.;

    Sammanfattning : Type 2 diabetes mellitus is connected with elevated plasma glucose levels which negatively influence β-cells and cause impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). The aim of present thesis was to investigate the impact of long-term hyperglycemia on the pancreatic islet β-cell function. LÄS MER

  5. 4. A MATTER OF NUTRIENT EXCESS AND SHEAR STRESS

    Författare :Ramasri Sathanoori; Kardiologi; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES;

    Sammanfattning : The metabolic syndrome is a clustering of several risk factors associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Diabetes is a global problem with 90% of patients suffering from type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is attributable to various factors including genetic predispositions and lifestyle. LÄS MER

  7. 5. Effects of Total Parenteral Nutrition on the Exocrine and Endocrine Pancreas. An Experimental Study

    Författare :Bo-Guang Fan; Lund Kirurgi; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; orthopaedics; Surgery; TPN; Parotid glands; Lysosomal enzyme; Insulin; Hypotrophy; Hyperlipidemia; Food passage; Endocrine pancreas; Cholecystokinin; Exocrine pancreas; traumatology; Kirurgi; ortopedi; traumatologi; Gastro-enterology; Gastroenterologi;

    Sammanfattning : During total parenteral nutrition (TPN) adequate nutrition is provided intravenously and the enteral route is bypassed. The integrity of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, however, is dependent on the passage of food through it. This thesis deals with the effects of TPN on the pancreas and the parotid glands. LÄS MER