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1. 1. Phase-Contrast and High-Resolution Optics for X-Ray Microscopy

   Författare :Olof von Hofsten; Ulrich Vogt; Ian McNulty; KTH; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Microscopy; X-ray optics; X-ray microscopy; Soft X-ray physics; Optics; Optik; Physics; Fysik;

   Sammanfattning : X-ray microscopy is a well-established technique for nanoscale imaging. Zone plates are used as microscope objectives and provide high resolution, approaching 10 nm, currently limited by fabrication issues. This Thesis presents zone plate optics that achieve either high resolution or phase contrast in x-ray microscopy. LÄS MER

3. 2. Laboratory soft x-ray microscopy and tomography

   Författare :Michael Bertilson; Hans Hertz; Gerd Schneider; KTH; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Microscopy; X-ray optics; Diffractive optics; Zone plates; X-ray microscopy; Soft X-ray physics; Tomography; Optics; Optik; Physics; Fysik;

   Sammanfattning : Soft x-ray microscopy in the water-window (λ = 2.28 nm – 4.36 nm) is based on zone-plate optics and allows high-resolution imaging of, e.g. LÄS MER

4. 3. Quantum Optics and Waveguide Quantum Electrodynamics in Superconducting Circuits

   Författare :Emely Wiegand; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Quantum Optics; Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics; Waveguide Quantum Electrodynamics; Superconducting Qubits; Artificial Atoms;

   Sammanfattning : Waveguide circuit quantum electrodynamics (waveguide circuit QED) studies light-matter interaction with superconducting circuits in one dimension. In circuit QED, natural atoms are replaced by superconducting qubits consisting of a non-linear Josephson junction, resulting in an anharmonic energy spectrum just like real atoms. LÄS MER

5. 4. Solving the quantum scattering problem for systems of two and three charged particles

   Författare :Mikhail Volkov; Nils Elander; William McCurdy; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Scattering theory; three body scattering; Atomic and molecular physics; Atom- och molekylfysik; Mathematical physics; Matematisk fysik; fysik; Physics;

   Sammanfattning : A rigorous formalism for solving the Coulomb scattering problem is presented in this thesis. The approach is based on splitting the interaction potential into a finite-range part and a long-range tail part. In this representation the scattering problem can be reformulated to one which is suitable for applying exterior complex scaling. LÄS MER

7. 5. Majorana Representation in Quantum Optics : SU(2) Interferometry and Uncertainty Relations

   Författare :Saroosh Shabbir; Gunnar Björk; Maria Chekhova; KTH; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Majorana representation; Quantum optics; interferometry; SU 2 group; angular momentum; arbitrary optical gates; Fysik; Physics;

   Sammanfattning : The algebra of SU(2) is ubiquitous in physics, applicable both to the atomic spin states and the polarisation states of light. The method developed by Majorana and Schwinger to represent pure, symmetric spin-states of arbitrary value as a product of spin-1/2 states is a powerful tool that allows for a great conceptual and practical simplification. LÄS MER