Sökning: "viral decay"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 9 avhandlingar innehållade orden viral decay.

  1. 1. HIV Persistence and Viral Reservoirs

    Författare :Arvid Edén; Göteborgs universitet; Göteborgs universitet; Gothenburg University; []
    Nyckelord :HIV-1; antiretroviral therapy; latency; cerebrospinal fluid; central nervous system; efavirenz; lopinavir; atazanavir; neopterin; viral decay;

    Sammanfattning : Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively inhibit replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the virus is able to persist in cellular and anatomical viral reservoirs. Latently infected resting memory CD4+ T-cells are an important cellular reservoir, and the central nervous system (CNS) an important anatomical reservoir for HIV-1 infection. LÄS MER

  3. 2. HIV-2 genetic evolution and viral dynamics

    Författare :Eleonor Brandin; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
    Nyckelord :HIV-2; antiretroviral treatment; resistance; pathogenesis; co-receptor; neutralization; viral dynamics;

    Sammanfattning : HIV-2 is less pathogenic and less transmissible compared to HIV-1. This is believed to be due to the lower viral load that is seen in HIV-2 infected patients. However, why this lower viral load is seen is not known. In this thesis we have investigated different aspects of HIV-2 in order to understand the pathogenesis of HIV-2 better. LÄS MER

  4. 3. Viral dynamics and evolution following primary HIV-1 infection

    Författare :Annika C Karlsson; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
    Nyckelord :HIV-1; primary infection; diversity; divergence; env; gag; pol; viral load; RNA; DNA; resting CD4 T-lyrnphocytes; antiretroviral resistance; founder virus; latency; PCR; cloning; sequencing;

    Sammanfattning : The knowledge of the early events during primary HIV-1 infection (PER) is of great importance for the understanding of the pathogenesis of HIV-1. A major problem in studies on PHI is the limited amount of data accessible from the early time-points. LÄS MER

  5. 4. Studies of drug resistance in minor HIV quasispecies

    Författare :Halime Ekici; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
    Nyckelord :;

    Sammanfattning : The main objective was to study drug resistance mutations (DRM) in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) gene of minor HIV-1 quasispecies, not detectable with standard techniques. Sensitive allele-specific PCR (AS- PCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were developed to study resistance to drugs of relevance in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC); the nucleoside analogue RT inhibitor (NRTI) lamivudine (3TC) and the non-nucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTIs) efavirenz (EFV) and nevirapine (NVP). LÄS MER

  7. 5. Life and death of human B cells in health and disease

    Författare :Andy Dernstedt; Mattias N. E. Forsell; Clas Ahlm; Jonas Klingström; Mats Bemark; Umeå universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; b cells; antibody; hantavirus; germinal centre; phagocytosis; selection; DAF; vaccination; rituximab;

    Sammanfattning : B cells provide one of the key mechanisms of immunological memory, which is theproduction of neutralising antibodies. How B cells respond to infections and vaccinationgives clues to how the development of the immunological memory is facilitated, and canthus lead to a deeper understanding of why the immune system sometimesmalfunctions. LÄS MER