Sökning: "ultrashort X-rays"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 8 avhandlingar innehållade orden ultrashort X-rays.

  1. 1. Creating and Probing Extreme States of Materials : From Gases and Clusters to Biosamples and Solids

    Författare :Bianca Iwan; Nicusor Timneanu; Janos Hajdu; Stacey Sorensen; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; free-electron laser; ultrashort X-rays; non-equilibrium plasma; Coulomb explosion; isotope effect; hydrodynamic expansion; ion acceleration; high intensity lasers; ablation; time-of-flight spectroscopy; Fysik; Physics;

    Sammanfattning : Free-electron lasers provide high intensity pulses with femtosecond duration and are ideal tools in the investigation of ultrafast processes in materials. Illumination of any material with such pulses creates extreme conditions that drive the sample far from equilibrium and rapidly convert it into high temperature plasma. LÄS MER

  3. 2. Sources and Diagnostics for Attosecond Science

    Författare :Miguel Miranda; Atomfysik; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Pulse Compression; High-order Harmonic Generation; Ultrafast; Ultrashort; Attosecond; Femtosecond; Pulse Characterization; Fysicumarkivet A:2012:Miranda;

    Sammanfattning : Ultrafast science refers to physical events that happen on the femtosecond (1 fs=10^-15 s) and attosecond (1 as=10^-18 s) timescales. Generation of attosecond pulses is usually achieved by interacting high-intensity femtosecond pulses with matter (typically gases), in a process called high-order harmonic generation (HHG). LÄS MER

  4. 3. Development and Applications of a Laser-Wakefield X-ray Source

    Författare :Isabel Gallardo Gonzalez; Atomfysik; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; laser-wakefield acceleration; betatron radiation; ionization-induced trapping; direct laser acceleration; laser-wakefield merging; warm dense matter; phase-contrast imaging; Fysicumarkivet A:2018:Gallardo;

    Sammanfattning : In laser-wakefield acceleration (LWFA), a femtosecond laser pulse is tightly focused in a gas to intensities exceeding 1018 W/cm2 . The laser radiation ionizes the medium and excites a plasma wave that travels behind the laser pulse. LÄS MER

  5. 4. Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction Studies of Laser-Induced Dynamics in Solids

    Författare :Åsa Bengtsson; Atomfysik; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Time-resolved X-ray diffraction; ultrafast; phonons; pressure wave; Non-thermal melting; Fysicumarkivet A:2022:Bengtsson;

    Sammanfattning : X-ray diffraction is an invaluable tool in the field of structural dynamics. In the work described in this thesis, time-resolved X-ray diffraction experiments were carried out to investigate ultrafast lattice dynamics. LÄS MER

  7. 5. Time-Resolved Diffraction Studies of Structural Dynamics in Solids

    Författare :Xiaocui Wang; Atomfysik; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; Time-resolved X-ray diffraction; phonons; photo-acoustic transducer; electron diffusion; pressure wave; non-thermal melting; Fysicumarkivet A:2019:Wang;

    Sammanfattning : Studies of the structural dynamics of solids can improve our understanding of atomic motion in materials, and may thus help in the manufacture of new devices or the development of materials with novel structures and properties. Ultrashort laser pulses, a few tens of femtoseconds long, can deliver high energies (mJ–kJ). LÄS MER