Sökning: "substitution effect"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 209 avhandlingar innehållade orden substitution effect.

1. 1. Experimental Vitreous Substitution

   Författare :Henrik Barth; Lund Oftalmologi; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Retinal Detachment; Vitreous Body : surgery; Retina cytology metabolism surgery; Retina: Function; Retina: Inflammation; Retinal Detachment; Vitreous Body : surgery; Vitreous substitute; Vitrectomy;

   Sammanfattning : Blindness and visual disability are common following vitreoretinal pathologies such as open globe injury, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). These conditions often necessitate surgical intervention using vitrectomy with a tamponading vitreous substitute. LÄS MER

3. 2. Concerted or Stepwise? : β-Elimination, Nucleophilic Substitution, Copper Catalysed Aziridination and Ruthenium Catalysed Transfer Hydrogenation Studied by Kinetic Isotope Effects and Linear Free-Energy Relationships

   Författare :Per Ryberg; Heinz F. Koch; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Organic chemistry; Kinetic isotope effect; linear free energy relationship; elimination; substitution; aziridination; transfer hydrogenation; Organisk kemi; Organic chemistry; Organisk kemi; organisk kemi; Organic Chemistry;

   Sammanfattning : This thesis describes the use of kinetic isotope effects, linear free energy relationships and stereochamical studies to distinguish between different mechanistic alternatives and to obtain information about transition state structure.In the first part fluorine and deuterium kinetic isotope effects were determined for the base promoted HF elimination from 4-fluoro-4-(4’-nitrophenyl)butane-2-on. LÄS MER

4. 3. The Art of Discretion : Essays on Earnings Management, Governance, and Capital Structure

   Författare :Amir Kheirollah; Lars Nordén; Michael Graham; Minna Martikainen-Peltola; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; earnings management; accruals modelling; corporate governance; industry regulation; capital structure; bounded rationality; substitution effect; complement effect; företagsekonomi; Business Administration;

   Sammanfattning : This dissertation is a compilation of three articles on earnings management, governance and capital structure. In addition to these three articles, the introductory chapter establishes the link between these articles and summarizes them.Article I investigates the joint effect of governance mechanisms on earnings management. LÄS MER

5. 4. Nucleotide Substitution Patterns in Vertebrate Genomes

   Författare :Carina Farah Mugal; Hans Ellegren; Ziheng Yang; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; nucleotide substitutions; mutation rate variation; strand asymmetries; CpG effect; GC-biased gene conversion; codon evolution; Biologi med inriktning mot molekylär evolution; Biology with specialization in Molecular Evolution;

   Sammanfattning : The rates and patterns at which nucleotide substitutions occur vary significantly across the genome sequence of vertebrates. A prominent example is the difference in the rate of evolution of functional sequences versus nonfunctional (neutrally evolving) sequences, which is explained by the influence of natural selection on functional sequences. LÄS MER

7. 5. Platinum(II) and Palladium (II) Complexes with Group 14 and 15 Donor Ligands. Synthesis, Structure and Substitution Mechanisms

   Författare :Ola Wendt; Kemiska institutionen; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; mechanism; kinetics; substitution; platinum; palladium; aryl; silyl; nitrile; triphenylstibine; NMR; IR; Raman; X-ray crystallography; stopped-flow; synthesis; Inorganic chemistry; Oorganisk kemi;

   Sammanfattning : The present thesis deals with Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes with group 14 and 15 donor ligands. Such complexes have been prepared and investigated mainly with regard to their ground state structures and the mechanism according to which they undergo substitution. LÄS MER