Sökning: "randomization in clinical trials"
Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 12 avhandlingar innehållade orden randomization in clinical trials.
1. Optimal adaptive designs and adaptive randomization techniques for clinical trials
Sammanfattning : In this Ph.D. thesis, we investigate how to optimize the design of clinical trials by constructing optimal adaptive designs, and how to implement the design by adaptive randomization. LÄS MER
2. On Sequential Treatment Allocations in Clinical Trials
Sammanfattning : This dissertation treats baseline-dependent sequential designs of two-treatment parallel-group clinical trials. The treatment assignments are chosen in order to minimize the variance, in a linear model, of the treatment effect. This is done for each new allocation using a generalized biased coin design, or a non-randomized minimization' method. LÄS MER
3. Genetic Variations in Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Focus on Gene-Lifestyle Interactions and Mendelian Randomization
Sammanfattning : Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are highly prevalent complex diseases that result from lifestyle and genetic factors. Gene-lifestyle interactions are also believed to contribute to the etiology of these diseases. LÄS MER
4. Philosophical controversies in the evaluation of medical treatments : With a focus on the evidential roles of randomization and mechanisms in Evidence-Based Medicine
Sammanfattning : This thesis examines philosophical controversies surrounding the evaluation of medical treatments, with a focus on the evidential roles of randomised trials and mechanisms in Evidence-Based Medicine. Current 'best practice' usually involves excluding non-randomised trial evidence from systematic reviews in cases where randomised trials are available for inclusion in the reviews. LÄS MER
5. Enhancing prediction and causal inference in metabolic dyshomeostasis
Sammanfattning : This thesis is focused on two globally prevalent diseases: i) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and ii) type 2 diabetes (T2D), with an overall aim of improving prediction and causal inference in the context of these conditions. Our projects were mainly conducted using IMI DIRECT and UK Biobank datasets including multi-omics data, extensive environmental exposures, and biological intermediates. LÄS MER