Sökning: "quantum mechanical effects"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 67 avhandlingar innehållade orden quantum mechanical effects.

  1. 1. Quantum-Dot Heat Engines

    Författare :Martin Josefsson; NanoLund: Centre for Nanoscience; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; quantum dot; heat engine; thermoelectric; quantum thermodynamics; quantum transport; Fysicumarkivet A:2020:Josefsson;

    Sammanfattning : This thesis explores the possibilities of using quantum dots (QDs) in nanoscale energy har- vesters converting heat into electrical energy, i.e. heat engines. From a theory perspective, these possibilities have been investigated for almost two decades, and interest in them seem to continuously increase over time. LÄS MER

  2. 2. Quantum Coherence and Quantum-Vacuum Effects in Some Artificial Electromagnetic Media

    Författare :Jianqi Shen; Sailing He; Chris Phillips; KTH; []
    Nyckelord :TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; Quantum coherence; quantum vacuum; electromagnetically induced transparency; negative refractive index; artificial electromagnetic media; electric- and magnetic-dipole transitions; multilevel atomic vapors; transient evolution; Electrical engineering; electronics and photonics; Elektroteknik; elektronik och fotonik;

    Sammanfattning : The author of this thesis concentrates his attention on quantum optical properties of some artificial electromagnetic media, such as quantum coherent atomic vapors (various multilevel electromagnetically induced transparency vapors) and negative refractive index materials, and suggests some possible ways to manipulate wave propagations inside the artificial electromagnetic materials based on quantum coherence and quantum vacuum effects. In Chapters 1 and 2, the author reviews the previous papers on quantum coherence as well as the relevant work such as electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), atomic population trapping and their various applications. LÄS MER

  3. 3. Superconducting qubits - measurement, entanglement, and noise

    Författare :Lars Tornberg; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Quantum Electric Circuits; Open Quantum Systems; Quantum Optics; Quantum Computing; Superconducting Qubits; Quantum Measurement;

    Sammanfattning : In the early 1980’s, it was suggested that a computer obeying the laws of quantum mechanics would be able to solve problems beyond the capabilities of a classical computer. The novel ways in which such a quantum computer works relies on the quantum properties of the quantum bits (qubits) used to store the information. LÄS MER

  4. 4. Waves and instabilities in quantum plasmas

    Författare :Shahid Ali; Padma Kant Shukla; Mattias Marklund; Jose Tito Mendonca; Umeå universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Quantum mechanical effects; dusty plasma; linear and nonlinear waves; instabilities; nonlinear wave interactions; density gradients; magnetoplasmas.; Plasma physics; Plasmafysik;

    Sammanfattning : The study of waves and instabilities in quantum plasmas is of fundamental importance for understanding collective interactions in superdense astrophysical objects, in high intense laser-plasma/solid-matter interactions, in microelectronic devices and metallic nanostructures. In dense quantum plasmas, there are new pressure laws associated with the Fermi-Dirac distribution functions and new quantum forces associated with the quantum Bohm potential and the Bohr magnetization involving electron ½ spin. LÄS MER

  5. 5. Quantum Kinetic Theory for Plasmas : spin, exchange, and particle dispersive effects

    Författare :Robin Ekman; Gert Brodin; Jens Zamanian; Bengt Eliasson; Umeå universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; teoretisk fysik; Theoretical Physics;

    Sammanfattning : This thesis is about developing and studying quantum mechanical models of plasmas. Quantum effects can be important at high densities, at low temperatures, and in strong electromagnetic fields, in various laboratory and astrophysical systems. LÄS MER