Sökning: "proinsulin synthesis"

Hittade 4 avhandlingar innehållade orden proinsulin synthesis.

  1. 1. Mechanisms by which variants in the TCF7L2 gene increase the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes

    Författare :Yuedan Zhou; diabetes och endokrinologi Genomik; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; TCF7L2; rs7903146; Type 2 diabetes; β cell function; β cell survival; insulin secretion; proinsulin synthesis; proinsulin-to-insulin conversion; insulin maturation; open chromain; exon skipping; p53; TP53INP1; ISL1; MAFA; NEUROD1; PDX1; NKX6.1; PCSK1; PCSK2; SLC30A8; GWAS.;

    Sammanfattning : Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous disease with a multifactorial aetiology comprising of genetic and environmental factors. The common variant most highly associated with T2DM known to date is a SNP rs7903146 in the TCF7L2 gene. However, the role TCF7L2 plays in the development of T2DM was unclear. LÄS MER

  3. 2. Embryonic Stem Cells: Differentiation into Insulin Producing Cells and Elimination of Damaged Proteins

    Författare :Gabriella Brolén; Stamcellscentrum (SCC); []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Medicin människa och djur ; oxidatively damaged proteins; diabetes; carbonyl; C-peptide; Medicine human and vertebrates ; insulin; human embryonic stem cell; 20S proteasome; AGE; Pdx1; proinsulin;

    Sammanfattning : This thesis includes two different parts: One focusing on how to induce human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to differentiate into insulin producing cells by following the normal pancreatic development pathway. These cells have then the potential to be an unlimited source for diabetes regenerative medicine. LÄS MER

  4. 3. Signaling to and from the sodium pump : effects of insulin and cardiotonic steroids

    Författare :Olga Kotova; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
    Nyckelord :Na ; K -ATPase; insulin; C-peptide; exercise; in vitro contraction; cardiotonic steroids; ouabain; marinobufagenin; ERK 1 2 MAP kinase; Src; p90 rsk; GSK3; signaling cascade; glycogen synthesis; human skeletal muscle cells; human renal tubular cells; rat skeletal muscle.;

    Sammanfattning : Insulin and proinsulin-connecting peptide (C-peptide) stimulate Na+,K+-ATPase activity. The molecular mechanism by which insulin and C-peptide regulate the Na-pump in differentiated primary human skeletal muscle cells (HSMCs) and primary human renal tubular cells (HRTCs) was determined. LÄS MER

  5. 4. Insulin-like growth factor-II : cellular effects through different receptors

    Författare :Qimin Zhang; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
    Nyckelord :;

    Sammanfattning : Insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) and IGF-I are single-chain polypeptides structurally homologous to proinsulin and share similarities with insulin in functional characteristics. Cellular actions of IGF-II are generally thought to be mediated through the IGF-I or insulin receptors, but not the IGF-II receptor, which is a single chain protein, identical to the cation independent mannose 6-phosphate (M6P) receptor and responsible for lysosomal enzyme targeting and degradation of IGF-II. LÄS MER