Sökning: "prevention of blindness"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 7 avhandlingar innehållade orden prevention of blindness.

1. 1. On the necessity of screening and national registration of congenital cataracts

   Författare :Gunilla Magnusson; Göteborgs universitet; []
   Nyckelord :congenital cataract; glaucoma; intraocular surgery; posterior capsular opacification PCO ; prevalence; visual acuity VA ; visual impairment; screening; newborn examination; blindness prevention; cost-utility analysis; quality- adjusted life year QALY ;

   Sammanfattning : Objectives: The overall aim of this thesis was to contribute to improvements in the management of congenital cataract by defining the most efficient screening procedure, examining the magnitude of the morbidity rate, optimizing the timing of surgery by relating surgical outcome to age at intervention and severity of visual deprivation and furthermore by evaluating costs versus consequences of introducing the most efficient screening procedure found, on a national basis.Methods: Paper I: 72 children born between 1992 and 1998 in the Stockholm County Council region, Västra Götaland and Halland county, Linköping-Motala, Malmö, and Lund, who had surgery for congenital cataract before the age of one year were included in a retrospective study. LÄS MER

3. 2. Prevention of Experimental Cataract Induced by UVR

   Författare :Martin Kronschläger; Per Söderberg; Madeleine Zetterberg; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; cataract; ultraviolet radiation; apoptosis; thioltransferase; caffeine;

   Sammanfattning : Cataract is the leading cause of blindness in the world and is defined by opacification of the normally transparent lens of the eye. The major avoidable cause of cataract is ultraviolet radiation (UVR), but no current strategies have been developed to prevent the onset of cataract. LÄS MER

4. 3. Prevention of complications in pediatric cataract surgery

   Författare :Maria Kugelberg; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :;

   Sammanfattning : This thesis was performed to find ways to lessen the complications to pediatric cataract surgery, which is an increasingly safe procedure, also in infants. However, there are some complications to the surgery, which threatens the visual development. The most common complication is aftercataract. LÄS MER

5. 4. Methods for detection and prevention of monocular and binocular visual impairment in childhood

   Författare :Joan Lithander; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :visual acuity; infant visual development; school screening; amblyopia; myopia; eye injury; prevention of blindness; developing country; Sultanate of Oman;

   Sammanfattning : The main causes for monocular visual loss in childhood are amblyopia and injury, and in the case of poor vision in both eyes refractive errors, the principle cause being myopia. Reliable visual acuity testing, reaching children at as young an age as possible, is essential in detecting these conditions and monitoring their treatment. LÄS MER

7. 5. Oxidative stress and age-related cataract

   Författare :Jinjin Zheng Selin; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :;

   Sammanfattning : Age-related cataract is a clouding of the lens that leads to decreased vision. It increases with age and is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. The only treatment currently available is surgery. Therefore, it is important to identify modifiable risk factors for cataract prevention. LÄS MER