Sökning: "phylogenetic"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 462 avhandlingar innehållade ordet phylogenetic.

1. 1. Stochastic Models in Phylogenetic Comparative Methods: Analytical Properties and Parameter Estimation

   Författare :Krzysztof Bartoszek; Göteborgs universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Adaptation; Adaptation; Birth-death process; Branching diffusion; Brownian motions; Conditioned branching process; Evolution; General Linear Model; Hybridization; Macroevolution; Measurement error; Multivariate phylogenetic comparative method; Optimality; Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process; Phyletic gradualism; Phylogenetic inertia; Phylogenetic uncertainty; Punctuated equilibrium; Yule tree; Macroevolution;

   Sammanfattning : Phylogenetic comparative methods are well established tools for using inter-species variation to analyse phenotypic evolution and adaptation. They are generally hampered, however, by predominantly univariate approaches and failure to include uncertainty and measurement error in the phylogeny as well as the measured traits. LÄS MER

3. 2. Mitochondrial and Eukaryotic Origins : A Phylogenetic Perspective

   Författare :Björn Brindefalk; Siv Andersson; James McInerney; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Molecular evolution; Phylogenetics; Mitochondrial origin and Evolution; Molecular biology; Molekylärbiologi; molekylärbiologi; Molecular Biology;

   Sammanfattning : Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles responsible for power-generation, believed to have come into existence by an endo-symbiontic event where a bacterial cell was incorporated by an un-specified "proto-eukaryote". Phylogenetic analysis have shown that the mitochondrial ancestor was most related to present-day alpha-proteobacteria, although the exact nature of the mitochondrial progenitor remains disputed. LÄS MER

4. 3. Bayesian Phylogenetic Inference

   Författare :Sebastian Höhna; Tom Britton; Fredrik Ronquist; Lars Arvestad; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES;

   Sammanfattning : In this thesis we consider two very different topics in Bayesian phylogenetic inference. The first paper, "Inferring speciation and extinction rates under different sampling schemes" by Sebastian Höhna, Tanja Stadler, Fredrik Ronquist and Tom Britton, focuses on estimating the rates of speciation and extinction of species when only a subsample of the present day species is available. LÄS MER

5. 4. Bayesian Phylogenetic Inference : Estimating Diversification Rates from Reconstructed Phylogenies

   Författare :Sebastian Höhna; Tom Britton; Fredrik Ronquist; Ziheng Yang; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Phylogenetics; Bayesian inference; Graphical Models; Birth-Death Process; Diversification; matematisk statistik; Mathematical Statistics;

   Sammanfattning : Phylogenetics is the study of the evolutionary relationship between species. Inference of phylogeny relies heavily on statistical models that have been extended and refined tremendously over the past years into very complex hierarchical models. LÄS MER

7. 5. Multivariate Aspects of Phylogenetic Comparative Methods

   Författare :Krzysztof Bartoszek; Göteborgs universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; General Linear Model; Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process; Multivariate phylogenetic comparative method; Evolutionary model; Adaptation; Optimality; Measurement error; Regression; Adaptation; Major-axis regression; Reduced major-axis regression; Structural equation; Allometry; Phylogenetic inertia; Allometry;

   Sammanfattning : his thesis concerns multivariate phylogenetic comparative methods. We investigate two aspects of them. The first is the bias caused by measurement error in regression studies of comparative data. We calculate the formula for the bias and show how to correct for it. LÄS MER