Sökning: "opioid addiction"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 25 avhandlingar innehållade orden opioid addiction.

1. 1. The opioid peptide dynorphin A : Biophysical studies of peptide–receptor and peptide–membrane interactions

   Författare :Johannes Björnerås; Lena Mäler; Astrid Gräslund; Scott Prosser; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; dynorphin A; opioid receptor; neuropeptide; bicelles; NMR; diffusion; decomposition; Biophysics; biofysik;

   Sammanfattning : The work presented in this thesis concerns the opioid peptide dynorphin A (DynA). DynA functions primarily as a neurotransmitter and belongs to the family of typical opioid peptides. These peptides are a part of the opioid system, together with the opioid receptors, a family of GPCR membrane proteins. LÄS MER

3. 2. Long-term Effects of Opioids in the Treatment of Chronic Pain : Investigation of Problems and Hazards on Clinical, Biochemical, Cellular and Genetic Levels

   Författare :Annica Rhodin; Torsten Gordh; Fred Nyberg; Mats Stridsberg; Mats Enlund; Harald Breivik; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; opioid; chonic pain; long-term opioid treatment; Anaesthetics; Anestesiologi; Anestesiologi; Anaesthesiology;

   Sammanfattning : After two decades of liberal prescribing of opioids, there has been an increasing recognition of problems connected to the prolonged use of opioids for chronic pain. The aim of my thesis was to explore some consequences of long-term opioid treatment for chronic pain such as problematic opioid use, endocrine disorders, tolerance and genetic variations in pain and opioid response. LÄS MER

4. 3. Preproenkephalin Gene and mRNA : Studies of Structure, Function, Cocaine Responses in an Animal Model, and Genetic Association with Human Opiate Addiction

   Författare :Karl Steven LaForge; Fred Nyberg; Peter S. Eriksson; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Biological research on drug dependence; Neuropeptides; Endogenous opioid system; Drug addiction; Heroin; Cocaine; Gene expression; Genetic association; Biologisk beroendeforskning; Biological research on drug dependence; Biologisk beroendeforskning;

   Sammanfattning : The endogenous opioid enkephalin neuropeptides are mediators of pain perception and have been implicated in human addictions. The preproenkephalin gene and its mRNA have also provided many examples of tissue- and species-specific variations in mRNA structure produced through a variety of transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. LÄS MER

5. 4. Understanding Opioid Therapy in Chronic Pain : Assessment, Lived Experience and Conceptions

   Författare :Hanna Ljungvall; Pernilla Åsenlöf; Nitya Jayaram-Lindström; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :;

   Sammanfattning : The overarching aim of this thesis was to improve the understandings of opioid therapy for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) by examining the feasibility of different assessment methods of substance use, and opioid use disorder (OUD), and exploring the sense-making of opioid therapy in CNCP.  Methods: In study I, the reliability of the Addiction Severity Index Self-Report form (ASI-SR) was assessed by the agreement (intraclass correlation (ICC)) between the composite scores (CS) of the ASI interview and the ASI-SR, internal consistency of the CS subscales measured with Cronbach’s α, and sensitivity and specificity of the alcohol and drug CS’s, using Receiver Operating Characteristics analyses. LÄS MER

7. 5. Molecular Adaptations in the Endogenous Opioid System in Human and Rodent Brain

   Författare :Muhammad Zubair Hussain; Georgy Bakalkin; Anita Hansson; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Endogenous Opioid System; Dynorphins; Lateralization; Alcohol Dependence; Emotions; Traumatic Brain Injury; Anterior Cingulate Cortex; Dorsal Striatum; Neuroscience; Neurovetenskap;

   Sammanfattning : The aims of the thesis were to examine i) whether the endogenous opioid system (EOS) is lateralized in human brain areas involved in processing of emotions and pain; ii) whether EOS responses to unilateral brain injury depend on side of lesion, and iii) whether in human alcoholics, this system is involved in molecular adaptations in brain areas relevant for cognitive control of addictive behavior and habit formation.The main findings were that (1) opioid peptides but not opioid receptors and classic neurotransmitters are markedly lateralized in the anterior cingulate cortex involved in processing of  positive and negative emotions and affective component of pain. LÄS MER