Sökning: "medicinsk fysik"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 125 avhandlingar innehållade orden medicinsk fysik.

  1. 1. Spectral Photon-Counting Computed Tomography with Silicon Detectors: New Models and Applications

    Författare :Fredrik Grönberg; Mats Danielsson; Mats Persson; Amir Pourmorteza; KTH; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; photon-counting; spectral computed tomography; material decomposition; pulse pileup; Compton scatter; image formation; fotonräknande; spektral datortomografi; materialbasupdelning; pulsöverlagring; Comptonspridning; bildbildning; Physics; Fysik;

    Sammanfattning : X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a widely used imaging modality that enables visualization of nearly every part of the human body. It is used for diagnosis of disease and injury as well as medical treatment planning. LÄS MER

  3. 2. Spectral Computed Tomography with a Photon-Counting Silicon-Strip Detector

    Författare :Mats Persson; Mats Danielsson; Hans Bornefalk; Jiang Hsieh; KTH; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; Photon-counting; silicon-strip detector; spectral computed tomography; ring artifacts; fluence rate; basis material decomposition; sub-pixel information; Fysik; Physics;

    Sammanfattning : Computed tomography (CT) is a widely used medical imaging modality. By rotating an x-ray tube and an x-ray detector around the patient, a CT scanner is able to measure the x-ray transmission from all directions and form an image of the patient’s interior. LÄS MER

  4. 3. A Novel Approach for Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery Treatment Planning Accounting for High-Grade Glioma Invasiveness into Normal Tissue

    Författare :Wille Häger; Iuliana Toma-Daşu; Marta Lazzeroni; Jesper Kallehauge; Stockholms universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Tumor modeling; medical physics; model; simulation; glioblastoma; gbm; medicinsk strålningsfysik; Medical Radiation Physics;

    Sammanfattning : High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are a type of malignant brain cancer, which include glioblastomas (GBMs). In adults, GBM is the most common malignant primary brain cancer. Attempts to treat patients with GBMs have been conducted for over a century, but the prognosis has only marginally improved. LÄS MER

  5. 4. Relative biological effectiveness in proton therapy: accounting for variability and uncertainties

    Författare :Jakob Ödén; Iuliana Toma-Dasu; Kjell Eriksson; Radhe Mohan; Stockholms universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; proton therapy; relative biological effectiveness; linear energy transfer; proton track-end optimisation; radiation-induced toxicity; Medical Radiation Physics; medicinsk strålningsfysik;

    Sammanfattning : Radiation therapy is widely used for treatments of malignant diseases. The search for the optimal radiation treatment approach for a specific case is a complex task, ultimately seeking to maximise the tumour control probability (TCP) while minimising the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP). LÄS MER

  7. 5. Spectral Mammography with X-Ray Optics and a Photon-Counting Detector

    Författare :Erik Fredenberg; Mats Danielsson; Björn Cederström; Jeffrey H. Siewerdsen; KTH; []
    Nyckelord :TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; mammography; x-ray optics; photon counting; spectral shaping; spectral imaging; collimation; radiation dose; signal-to-noise ratio; quantum noise; anatomical noise; spatial resolution; x-ray flux; ; TECHNOLOGY; TEKNIKVETENSKAP; Engineering physics; Teknisk fysik; Optical physics; Optisk fysik; Other engineering physics; Övrig teknisk fysik; Electrical engineering; electronics and photonics; Elektroteknik; elektronik och fotonik; Medical engineering; Medicinsk teknik; Radiological research; Radiologisk forskning;

    Sammanfattning : Early detection is vital to successfully treating breast cancer, and mammography screening is the most efficient and wide-spread method to reach this goal. Imaging low-contrast targets, while minimizing the radiation exposure to a large population is, however, a major challenge. LÄS MER