Sökning: "fasövergång"

Visar resultat 6 - 10 av 20 avhandlingar innehållade ordet fasövergång.

  1. 6. Time-resolved X-ray diffraction studies of phonons and phase transitions

    Författare :Ola Synnergren; Atomfysik; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Fysik; Physics; Phase transitions; X-ray diffraction; Phonons; X-ray diffraction;

    Sammanfattning : This thesis summarizes work in which time-resolved X-ray diffraction has been used to probe crystalline materials, thereby revealing the dynamics of phonons and phase transitions. X-ray diffraction is the standard tool in investigations of structure on the atomic scale. LÄS MER

  3. 7. A Study of Number-Ratio Fluctuations in Gold-Gold Interactions at sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV

    Författare :Eva Haslum; Partikel- och kärnfysik; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Fluctuations; Heavy-Ion Collisions; PHENIX; RHIC;

    Sammanfattning : The properties of the basic building blocks of nuclear matter, the quarks, and their interactions are not known in detail, largely because observations are complicated by the confinement of quarks in composite particles. New insights can be gained from the study of nuclear matter in a deconfined phase, like the form of matter that the Universe consited of early in its evolution according to the Big Bang theory. LÄS MER

  4. 8. Electro-Interfacial Composition Control by Ionic Liquid Technology : Nanostructure, Self-Assembly, and Friction

    Författare :Sichao Li; Mark W. Rutland; Sergei Glavatskih; Nicholas Spencer; KTH; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Ionic liquids; electrical double layer; self-assembly; electro-interfacial structure; tribotronics; supercapacitors; friction; lubrication; Jonvätskor; elektriskt dubbelskikt; självassociering; gränsskiktselektrostruktur; tribotronik; superkondensatorer; friktion; smörjning; Kemi; Chemistry;

    Sammanfattning : Given the potential of ionic liquids (ILs) for batteries, supercapacitors and advanced lubricants, it is crucial to understand how electric fields affect the interfacial behaviour in IL-solvent systems and the intricate relationship between nanostructure and tribotronic properties. This thesis investigates the structural and compositional changes of ILs with different solvents at electrified interfaces. LÄS MER

  5. 9. Optical and Electronic Properties of WO3 and Zn Chalcogenides Alloys: A Theoretical study

    Författare :Gustavo Baldissera; Clas Persson; Naoto Umezawa; KTH; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Material and Nano Physics; Material- och nanofysik;

    Sammanfattning : I denna avhandling analyseras optiska och elektroniska egenskaper hos WO3 och Zn-relaterade legeringar med hjälp av täthetsfunktionalteori (DFT). Metoder som går utöver DFT, såsom GW-approximationen och hybridfunktionaler, används för att minimera det fel som genereras av det smala bandgapet som erhålls med konventionella DFT-funktionaler. LÄS MER

  7. 10. Resistivity and the solid-to-liquid transition in high-temperature superconductors

    Författare :Beatriz Espinosa Arronte; Magnus Andersson; Charles Simon; KTH; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; high-temperature superconductors; vortex dynamics; vortex solid-to-liquid transition; critical scaling; glass transition; Bose glass; heavy-ion irradiation; YBCO; Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 d; oxygen deficiency.; Condensed matter physics; Kondenserade materiens fysik;

    Sammanfattning : In high-temperature superconductors a large region of the magnetic phase diagram is occupied by a vortex phase that displays a number of exciting phenomena. At low temperatures, vortices form a truly superconducting solid phase which at high temperatures turns into a dissipative vortex liquid. LÄS MER