Sökning: "dose model"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 638 avhandlingar innehållade orden dose model.

1. 1. Dose Adaptation Based on Pharmacometric Models

   Författare :Johan Wallin; Mats Karlsson; Lena Friberg; Maria Garrido; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Biopharmacy; Biofarmaci; Pharmacokinetics and Drug Therapy; Farmakokinetik och läkemedelsterapi;

   Sammanfattning : Many drugs exhibit major variability in both pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters that prevents the use of the same dose for all patients. Variability can occur both between patients (IIV) as well as within patients over the course of time (IOV). LÄS MER

3. 2. Optimal design for dose-finding studies

   Författare :Renata Eirini Tsirpitzi; Frank Miller; Kirsten Schorning; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; bivariate model; distortion; drug combination; Elfving set; Emax model; Fedorov algorithm; mixed effects models; optimal experimental design; Statistics; statistik;

   Sammanfattning : One of the most complex tasks during the clinical development of a new drug is to find a correct dose. Optimal experimental design has as a goal to find the best ways to perform an experiment considering the available resources and the statistical model. Optimal designs have already been used to determine the design of dose-finding studies. LÄS MER

4. 3. Short and long-term effects of exposure to low dose and low dose rate of gamma radiation : using in vitro and in vivo models

   Författare :Traimate Sangsuwan; Siamak Haghdoost; Eva Forssell-Aronsson; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Low dose; Low dose rate; High dose rate; Ionizing radiation; Adaptive response; Senescence; Premature senescence; Oxidative stress; Drosophila embryo; Mutation; DNA repair; molekylär biovetenskap; Molecular Bioscience;

   Sammanfattning : Assessment of human health risks from exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) is mainly based on the extrapolation of results from epidemiological studies on populations exposed to relatively high doses and often at high dose rates (HDR). Risk estimates after exposure to low doses and in particular at low dose rates (LDR) remain controversial due to a lack of epidemiological evidence. LÄS MER

5. 4. Probabilistic treatment planning based on dose coverage : How to quantify and minimize the effects of geometric uncertainties in radiotherapy

   Författare :David Tilly; Anders Ahnesjö; Erik Grusell; Uwe Oelfke; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Radiotherapy; treatment simulation; probabilistic planning; dose calculation; probabilistic optimization; statistical shape model; Medicinsk radiofysik; Medical Radiophysics;

   Sammanfattning : Traditionally, uncertainties are handled by expanding the irradiated volume to ensure target dose coverage to a certain probability. The uncertainties arise from e.g. the uncertainty in positioning of the patient at every fraction, organ motion and in defining the region of interests on the acquired images. LÄS MER

7. 5. Model-Based Optimization of Clinical Trial Designs

   Författare :Camille Vong; Mats O. Karlsson; Andrew C. Hooker; Lena E. Friberg; Marylore Chenel; Oliver Sander; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; nonlinear mixed-effects models; pharmacometrics; likelihood ratio test; NONMEM; power; sample size; study design; proof-of-concept; dose-finding; population optimal design; LOQ; BQL data; neutropenia; docetaxel; myelosuppression; thrombocytopenia; MTD; Bayesian methods; 3 3 algorithm; dose escalation study; Pharmaceutical Science; Farmaceutisk vetenskap;

   Sammanfattning : General attrition rates in drug development pipeline have been recognized as a necessity to shift gears towards new methodologies that allow earlier and correct decisions, and the optimal use of all information accrued throughout the process. The quantitative science of pharmacometrics using pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models was identified as one of the strategies core to this renaissance. LÄS MER