Sökning: "direct and indirect effects"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 228 avhandlingar innehållade orden direct and indirect effects.

1. 1. Diet and gut microbiota in cardiometabolic health: Studies from the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health – Next Generations Cohort and the sub-cohort MAX

   Författare :Agnetha Rostgaard-Hansen; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; cardiometabolic diseases; reproducibility; nutrients; gut microbiota; food frequency questionnaire; risk factors; 24-hour dietary recall; epidemiology; temporal variation; dietary patterns; cohort study; validity;

   Sammanfattning : Cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are the leading cause of death globally. Diet is a key preventive factor of CMD and a determinant of gut microbiota. Gut microbiota, diet and their interactions have been associated with CMD. In observational studies, diet is measured by self-reported instruments, that need to be validated before use. LÄS MER

3. 2. Vitamin A and Osteoporosis : Experimental and Clinical Studies

   Författare :Sara Johansson; Håkan Melhus; Andreas Kindmark; Monica Lind; Göran Toss; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Internal medicine; vitamin A; bone; osteoporosis; Invärtesmedicin; Internal medicine; Invärtesmedicin;

   Sammanfattning : Vitamin A in high doses is severely toxic to the rat skeleton, and the active metabolite retinoic acid (RA) can induce bone resorption in vitro. An excessive dietary intake of vitamin A has been associated with reduced bone mineral density and an increased risk of hip fracture. LÄS MER

4. 3. Uptake and toxicity of brominated flame retardants and pesticides : Studies on littoral organisms and model communities

   Författare :Kerstin Gustafsson; Nils Kautsky; Kirsten Christoffersen; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; aquatic ecotoxicology; ecological interactions; indirect effects; model community studies; toxicity; Terrestrial; freshwater and marine ecology; Terrestisk; limnisk och marin ekologi;

   Sammanfattning : In this thesis, brackish and freshwater littoral model communities (microcosms) of varying size and complexity were used to study the effects of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and pesticides. The brackish water microcosms consisted of natural water, sediment and associated organisms, while the larger freshwater microcosms also contained submersed macrophytes (Elodea canadensis). LÄS MER

5. 4. Planning production and supply chain in energy intensive process industries

   Författare :Martin Waldemarsson; Helene Lidestam; Martin Rudberg; Magnus Karlsson; Sophie D'Amours; Linköpings universitet; []
   Nyckelord :SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; Process industry; Energy-intensive production processes; Energy system; Energy management; Production planning; Supply chain planning; Case studies; Mixed Integer Linear Programming; Modelling; Specialty chemicals; Pulp; Steel;

   Sammanfattning : To make a difference among the energy intensive process industries, this dissertation addresses production planning and supply chain planning problems related to industrial energy management issues. The energy issue is turning more and more important from different angles, involving price as well as environmental problems due to climate change leading to political pressure on all energy users. LÄS MER

7. 5. Extinctions in Ecological Communities : direct and indirect effects of perturbation on biodiversity

   Författare :Alva Curtsdotter; Bo Ebenman; Peter Münger; Elisa Thébault; Linköpings universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES;

   Sammanfattning : In the dawning of what may become Earth’s 6th mass extinction the topic of this thesis, understanding extinction processes and what determines the magnitude of species loss, has become only too relevant. The number of known extinctions (~850) during the last centuries translates to extinction rates elevated above the background rate, matching those of previous mass extinction events. LÄS MER