Sökning: "confirmation bias"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 8 avhandlingar innehållade orden confirmation bias.

1. 1. Confirmation Bias in Criminal Cases

   Författare :Moa Lidén; Minna Gräns; Peter Juslin; Steven Penrod; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; legal decision making; bias; confirmation bias; criminal cases; criminal procedure; police; prosecutor; judge; legal system; empirical legal research; evidence based law; debiasing technique; Jurisprudence; Allmän rättslära;

   Sammanfattning : Confirmation bias is a tendency to selectively search for and emphasize information that is consistent with a preferred hypothesis, whereas opposing information is ignored or downgraded. This thesis examines the role of confirmation bias in criminal cases, primarily focusing on the Swedish legal setting. LÄS MER

3. 2. Media Echo Chambers: Selective Exposure and Confirmation Bias in Media Use, and its Consequences for Political Polarization

   Författare :Peter Dahlgren; Göteborgs universitet; []
   Nyckelord :SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; selective exposure; confirmation bias; political polarization; affective polarization; ideological polarization; political attitudes; political preferences;

   Sammanfattning : The new digital media landscape has created a high-choice media environment that has made it easier for people to find news and information that support their political beliefs and attitudes, and avoid news and information that challenge those beliefs or attitudes. How does this affect people’s selection of content and political polarization in the long run? This thesis investigates the relationship between different political preferences (political party, political interest and ideological leaning) and selective media use over time among the Swedish population, and whether this selectivity leads to political polarization (ideological polarization and affective polarization). LÄS MER

4. 3. Reading expectations : How expectations influence our reading, eye movements, opinions, and judgments

   Författare :Alexander Strukelj; Kognition och Discourse@Lund (SKD@L) Språk; []
   Nyckelord :HUMANIORA; HUMANITIES; antonyms; cognitive linguistics; confirmation bias; expectations; experimental pragmatics; eye movements: reading; eye tracking; headlines; implicit and explicit detection of incongruities; myside bias; opinion shift; paragraph reading; processing; reading; sentence judgment; visual analog scale;

   Sammanfattning : The way we view the world is constantly affected by our expectations. The aim of this book is to determine how expectations affect the way we read. This will help us better understand how we process information, and how our expectations may change the way we read. The research is situated in experimental pragmatics and reading research. LÄS MER

5. 4. Om sanningen skall fram : polisförhör med misstänkta för grova brott

   Författare :Ola Kronkvist; Kerstin Svensson; Rolf Granér; Peter Lindström; Linnéuniversitetet; []
   Nyckelord :SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; police interview; interrogation; police investigation; human rights; tacit knowledge; policing; decision making; confirmation bias; Polisvetenskap; Police Science;

   Sammanfattning : This thesis has explored the context of police interviews with suspects of serious crimes. Focus group studies, a case study and additional interviews have shown several aspects of information flow, decision making, interviewing tactics, human rights and tacit knowledge as these interviews are planned, performed and evaluated. LÄS MER

7. 5. Criminal investigation: Motivation, emotion and cognition in the processing of evidence

   Författare :Karl Ask; Göteborgs universitet; []
   Nyckelord :SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP; SOCIAL SCIENCES; Criminal investigation; motivation; emotion; Hindsight bias; police; investigate;

   Sammanfattning : This thesis examines biases in judgments made in the context of criminal investigation, drawing theoretically on frameworks developed in social and cognitive psychology. Study I investigated the existence of confirmation bias in the interpretation of criminal evidence, and the need for cognitive closure (NFC) as a potential moderator. LÄS MER