Sökning: "biological cost"

Visar resultat 11 - 15 av 337 avhandlingar innehållade orden biological cost.

  1. 11. Biological and Pharmacological Factor that Influence the Selection of Antibiotic Resistance

    Författare :Ingegerd Gustafsson; Otto Cars; Niels Frimodt-Möller; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Microbiology; Human microflora; antibiotic resistance; selection; mutation frequency; biological fitness; pharmacokinetics; pharmacodynamics; β-lactam antibiotics; suboptimal dosing regimen; Mikrobiologi; Microbiology; Mikrobiologi; Klinisk bakteriologi; Clinical Bacteriology;

    Sammanfattning : Antibiotic treatment causes an ecological disturbance on the human microflora. Four commensal bacteria: E. coli, enterococci, a-streptococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci, from patients with extensive, high antibiotic usage were investigated with regard to resistance pattern and mutation frequency. LÄS MER

  3. 12. Biomarkers for assessing benthic pollution impacts in a subtropical estuary, Mozambique

    Författare :Maria Perpétua Janeiro Scarlet; Göteborgs universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; subtrophical estuary; contaminants; biological hierarcial biomarkers; scope for growth; burrowing response; acethylcholinesterase; benthic fauna; southern Mozambique;

    Sammanfattning : This thesis focuses on the marine environment in a subtropical estuary and particularly on exploring a suite of easy-to-use, cost effective and environmentally valid biological response tools (biomarkers). The main driving force of the thesis is the knowledge of the numerous anthropogenic impacts. LÄS MER

  4. 13. Costs in the ecology and evolution of the vertebrate immune system

    Författare :Lars Råberg; MEMEG; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; cost of resistance; ecological immunology; immunocompetence; Parus caeruleus; transgenic mice; Animal ecology; Djurekologi; blue tit; basal metabolic rate;

    Sammanfattning : A central assumption of theories of the ecology and evolution of immunological defence is that defence has not only benefits (in the form of resistance against parasites), but also costs. The aim of my studies was to investigate the nature and magnitude of costs of the vertebrate immune system, and to examine some of the consequences of these costs. LÄS MER

  5. 14. Ecology and evolution of tolerance in two cruciferous species

    Författare :Elin Boalt; Kari Lehtilä; Johan Ehrlén; Julia Koricheva; Stockholms universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; herbivory; tolerance; methodology; Raphanus raphanistrum; Cardamine pratensis; folivory; apex removal; plant competition; ploidy levels; herbivore pressure; Other biology; Övrig biologi; växtekologi; Plant Ecology;

    Sammanfattning : Tolerance to herbivory is the ability of plants to maintain fitness in spite of damage. The goal of this thesis is to investigate the genetic variation and expression of tolerance within species, determine whether and in what conditions tolerance has negative side-effects, and how tolerance is affected by different ecological factors. LÄS MER

  7. 15. Molecular Epidemiology and Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Qatar

    Författare :Mazen Sid Ahmed; Jana Jass; Emad Ibrahim; Ali Sultan; Bo Söderquist; Christian Giske; Örebro universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Antibiotics; C T; CZA; MDR; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; ST235; VEB; VIM;

    Sammanfattning : Inappropriate and excessive use of antibiotics promotes antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). There is a noticeable increase in nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and an increase in cost management. LÄS MER