Sökning: "Vacuum annealing"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 32 avhandlingar innehållade orden Vacuum annealing.

  1. 1. Sputtering-based processes for thin film chalcogenide solar cells on steel substrates

    Författare :Patrice Bras; Charlotte Platzer-Björkman; Eric Jaremalm; Jan Sterner; Veronica Bernudez; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :CIGS; CZTS; solar cell; photovoltaics; thin film; sputtering; annealing; gallium grading; blister; uniformity; stainless steel; Teknisk fysik med inriktning mot elektronik; Engineering Science with specialization in Electronics;

    Sammanfattning : Thin film chalcogenide solar cells are promising photovoltaic technologies. Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS)-based devices are already produced at industrial scale and record laboratory efficiency surpasses 22 %. Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTS) is an alternative material that is based on earth-abundant elements. LÄS MER

  3. 2. Optimizing liquid phase sintering of ferrous powder metallurgical materials

    Författare :Henrik Borgström; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
    Nyckelord :TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; surface chemical analysis high speed steel; Vacuum annealing; nitrogen alloying; liquid phase sintering;

    Sammanfattning : The properties of powder metallurgical, PM, components are dependent on that the dilemma of full density and suitable microstructure is resolved. Whilst it is often possible to achieve full density, it may or may not coincide with a suitable microstructure. LÄS MER

  4. 3. Vacuum Ultraviolet Scanning Photoelectron Microscopy, Instrumentation & Applications

    Författare :Ulf Johansson; Lunds universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Photoelectron Microscopy; Spectromicroscopy; Photoemission; Silicon; Oxide desorption; High-Tc superconductor; Physics; Ellipsoidal mirror; Fysik; Chemistry; Kemi; Fysicumarkivet A:1997:Johansson;

    Sammanfattning : This thesis describes the design and characterisation of a vacuum ultraviolet scanning photoelectron microscope as well as results from studies of laterally inhomogeneous surfaces. The instrument utilises synchrotron radiation from an undulator at the 550 MeV storage ring at the MAX-laboratory. LÄS MER

  5. 4. Preparation and Characterization of the Magnetic Semiconductor (GaMn)As

    Författare :Martin Adell; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES;

    Sammanfattning : The diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor (GaMn)As has been grown by low temperature molecular beam epitaxy and the effects of post growth treatments on the electronic, magnetic and structural properties have been studied. In situ low temperature annealing of (GaMn)As layers has been performed. LÄS MER

  7. 5. Physical vapor deposition and thermal stability of hard oxide coatings

    Författare :Ludvig Landälv; Per Eklund; Emmanuelle Göthelid; Björn Alling; Marcus Morstein; Linköpings universitet; []
    Nyckelord :TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY;

    Sammanfattning : The state-of-the-art tools for machining metals are primarily based on a metal-ceramic composite (WC-Co) coated with different combinations of carbide, nitride, and oxide coatings. Combinations of these coating materials are optimized to withstand specific wear conditions. LÄS MER