Sökning: "STREPTOMYCIN"
Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 20 avhandlingar innehållade ordet STREPTOMYCIN.
1. Antibiotic Resistance and the Cellular Currency S-adenosyl-methionine : Modification of aminoglycosides and nucleic acids
Sammanfattning : Streptomycin and spectinomycin are antibiotics that bind to ribosomes and inhibit protein synthesis. Common resistance mechanisms involve enzymatic modification of the two drugs by aminoglycoside nucleotidyltransferases (ANTs). The first part of this thesis covers the structural mechanism of two ANT enzymes. LÄS MER
2. Structural investigation of human mitochondrial translation and off-target antibiotic binding
Sammanfattning : Human mitochondrial translation machinery has evolved to translate 13 mitochondrial mRNAs encoding components of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway responsible for ATP production. The structural basis of human mitochondrial translation is distinct from the canonical bacterial and cytosolic translation systems. LÄS MER
3. Studies of translation in E. coli
Sammanfattning : A cis-acting translational mutation in the beginning of the glnS gene was analyzed; this mutation creates a extra base pair to a proposed extended ribosome binding site. When increasing the complementarity to this extended ribosome binding site, it was demonstrated that the expression increased; correspondingly, when complementarity was decreasd the expression went down. LÄS MER
4. Mechanisms of adaptation to the fitness cost of antibiotic resistance
Sammanfattning : The dissemination and persistence of antibiotic resistance, is not only depending on the volume of drugs used but also on the resistance mechanisms effect of bacterial fitness (reproductive ability). Fitness is a multifactorial parameter that is comprised of the relative growth rate of the resistant pathogen in the host and in the environment, as well as the clearance and transmission rates compared to susceptible strains. LÄS MER
5. Choice of tRNA on Translating Ribosomes
Sammanfattning : This thesis addresses different aspects of the question about accuracy of protein synthesis: i) the mechanism of tRNA selection during translation ii) study of ribosomal mutations that affect accuracy and iii) the choice of aminoacyl-tRNA isoacceptors on synonymous codons.By measuring the codon reading efficiencies of cognate and near-cognate ternary complexes we demonstrate that in optimal physiological conditions accuracy of substrate selection is much higher than previously reported; that during translation the ribosomal A site is not blocked by unspecific binding of the non-cognate tRNAs which would inhibit the speed of protein synthesis. LÄS MER
