Sökning: "Observational studies"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 489 avhandlingar innehållade orden Observational studies.

1. 1. Dietary Fatty Acids and Inflammation : Observational and Interventional Studies

   Författare :Helena Bjermo; Ulf Risérus; Tommy Cederholm; Parveen Yaqoob; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Dietary fat; Fatty acids; Serum fatty acid composition; Linoleic acid; Stearoyl coenzymeA desaturase; SCD-1; Inflammation; C-reactive protein; Oxidative stress; Lipid peroxidation; Isoprostanes; Prostaglandins; Obesity; Epidemiology; Dietary intervention; Metabolic syndrome; Nutrition; Näringslära; Epidemiology; Epidemiologi; Public health science; Folkhälsovetenskap; Immunology; Immunologi; Diabetology; Diabetologi; Cardiology; Kardiologi; Medical Science; Medicinsk vetenskap;

   Sammanfattning : Dietary fat quality influences the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A low-grade inflammation is suggested to contribute to the disease development, often accompanied by obesity. Whereas n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been considered anti-inflammatory, n-6 PUFA have been proposed to act pro-inflammatory. LÄS MER

3. 2. Dietary Intake, Fatty Acid Biomarkers, and Abdominal Obesity : Population-Based Observational Studies

   Författare :Zayed Alsharari; Ulf Risérus; Matti Marklund; Per Sjögren; Tommy Cederholm; Emily Sonestedt; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :abdominal obesity; fatty acid biomarker; dietary intake; Kostvetenskap; Food; Nutrition and Dietetics;

   Sammanfattning : The aim of this thesis was to investigate the associations between fatty acid (FA) biomarkers, carbohydrate intake, and abdominal obesity (AO) and related anthropometric measures in a population-based cohort of men and women in Stockholm County. The overall hypothesis was that dietary fat quality assessed by serum and adipose tissue FA composition, and dietary intake of especially carbohydrates is associated with AO. LÄS MER

4. 3. Coffee Consumption in Relation to Osteoporosis and Fractures : Observational Studies in Men and Women

   Författare :Helena Hallström; Karl Michaëlsson; Alicja Wolk; Anders Glynn; Olle Svensson; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :Coffee; Tea; Caffeine; Bone mineral density; Osteoporosis; Fractures; Cohort studies;

   Sammanfattning : During the past decades, the incidence of osteoporotic fractures has increased dramatically in the Western world. Consumption of coffee and intake of caffeine have in some studies been found to be associated with increased risk of osteoporotic fractures, but overall results from previous research are inconsistent. LÄS MER

5. 4. Boning up on Vitamin D : Observational Studies on Bone and Health

   Författare :Greta Snellman; Karl Michaëlsson; Haakon Meyer; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Vitamin D; fracture; BMD; assays; genes; mortality; cohort studies; Orthopaedics; Ortopedi;

   Sammanfattning : The primary function of vitamin D in humans is to maintain sufficient circulating calcium concentrations. Low vitamin D levels could result in excessive calcium resorption from bone. Vitamin deficiency may therefore decrease bone mineral density (BMD), resulting in an increased risk of fracture. LÄS MER

7. 5. Causal Inference in Observational Studies and Experiments: Theory and Applications

   Författare :Mårten Schultzberg; Per Johansson; Mattias Nordin; Peng Ding; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; experimental design; identification; observational studies; rerandomization; Statistics; Statistik;

   Sammanfattning : This thesis consists of six papers that study the design of observational studies and experiments.Paper I proposes strategies to consistently estimate the average treatment effect of the treated using information derived from a large number of pre-treatment measurements of the outcome. LÄS MER