Sökning: "Nicotine"

Visar resultat 11 - 15 av 119 avhandlingar innehållade ordet Nicotine.

  1. 11. Smokeless Tobacco (Snus) and Cardiovascular Disease : Associations with Heart Failure and Prognosis after Myocardial Infarction

    Författare :Gabriel Arefalk; Johan Sundström; Martin Holzmann; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Snus; smokeless tobacco; nicotine; cardiovascular disease; heart failure; myocardial infarction; mortality; prognosis; epidemiology; Epidemiologi; Epidemiology;

    Sammanfattning : Previous investigations of snus use (oral moist snuff, a Swedish form of smokeless tobacco) and cardiovascular disease have generally focused on atherosclerotic events such as myocardial infarction and stroke, likely because smoking is such a well-established risk factor for atherosclerotic disease. Smokeless administration of tobacco circumvents most of the atherogenic effects of the combusted products from smoked tobacco, but it is possible that the potent autonomic and hemodynamic effects of snus and nicotine per se are detrimental for cardiovascular tissues. LÄS MER

  3. 12. Conditional and non-conditional reward-related responses to alcohol. Nicotinic mechanisms

    Författare :Elin Löf; Göteborgs universitet; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; ethanol; nicotine; ventral tegmental area; nucleus accumbens; dopamine; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; gamma-amino-butyric acid receptor A; conditioned reinforcement; in vivo microdialysis; rat;

    Sammanfattning : The mesolimbic dopamine system is believed to mediate the positive reinforcing and rewarding effects of addictive drugs by increasing dopamine levels in its terminal area, the nucleus accumbens (nAc). Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) within this system appear important for the pharmacological actions of both alcohol and nicotine, which may explain the frequent co-abuse of these two drugs. LÄS MER

  4. 13. On cholinergic mechanisms involved in ethanol reinforcement. A behavioral and neurochemical study in rodents

    Författare :Anna Larsson; Göteborgs universitet; []
    Nyckelord :Acetylcholine; Dopamine; Ethanol; Locomotor activity; Microdialysis; Nicotine; Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; Rodents; Reward;

    Sammanfattning : Alcohol (ethanol) and smoking (nicotine) are commonly co-abused in human beings. Drugs of abuse interact with the brain mesolimbic dopamine system, an important part of the brain reward system. These dopaminergic neurons originate in the ventral tegmental area and project to e.g. LÄS MER

  5. 14. Autism and early development in adults with schizophrenia. Methodological and clinical aspects

    Författare :Maria Unenge Hallerbäck; Göteborgs universitet; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Schizophrenia; Asperger syndrome; Austism spectrum disorder; ADHD; Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test; Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders; Nicotine;

    Sammanfattning : Background: Typical symptoms of schizophrenia usually appear in young adult life, but problems with social interaction, activity control, motor performance, and cognition have often been noted in childhood. This thesis explores similarities and differences regarding early development between individuals with clinical diagnoses of schizophrenia and Asperger syndrome (a clinical variant of autism spectrum disorder/ASD). LÄS MER

  7. 15. Investigation on Pre- and Postsynaptic Ca2+ Signaling in Neuronal Model Systems

    Författare :Jelena Krjukova; Åkerman Karl; Kukkonen Jyrki; Rydqvist Bo; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Physiology; calcium; neurotransmitter release; nicotine; depolarization; G-protein coupled receptor; muscarinic; phospholipase C; m-3M3FBS; Fysiologi; Physiology; Fysiologi;

    Sammanfattning : Communication between neuronal and non-neuronal is called volume transmission when the released neurotransmitter (NT) acts via diffusion and affects several target cells. Both the neurosecretory and postsynaptic cell responses are linked to [Ca2+]i elevations. LÄS MER