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1. 1. Theory for superconducting few-photon detectors

   Författare :Mattias Jönsson; Jack Lidmar; Mats Wallin; Marcin Swillo; Karl Berggren; KTH; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Fysik; Physics;

   Sammanfattning : High-performance photon detectors are essential for fiber communication, which is the foundation of the modern internet. Emerging quantum information technologies, such as quantum key distribution, impose new requirements on the photon detectors used. LÄS MER

3. 2. Linear response theory : from black hole thermalization to Weyl semimetals

   Författare :Jorge Laraña Aragón; Bo Sundborg; Edwin Langman; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Theoretical Physics; teoretisk fysik;

   Sammanfattning : Linear response theory is an incredibly powerful calculation tool. We apply this framework in quantum field theory to a variety of models originated from distinct areas in theoretical physics and for different reasons. LÄS MER

4. 3. Active Matter in a Critical State: From passive building blocks to active molecules, engines, and active droplets

   Författare :Falko Schmidt; Göteborgs universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; active matter; nonequilibrium; self-assembly; microswimmers; nanomotors; optical tweezers; colloidal molecules; active droplets; critical Casimir forces;

   Sammanfattning : The motion of microscopic objects is strongly affected by their surrounding environment. In quiescent liquids, motion is reduced to random fluctuations known as Brownian motion. Nevertheless, microorganisms have been able to develop mechanisms to generate active motion. LÄS MER

5. 4. Transmission Electron Microscopy for Characterization of Structures, Interfaces and Magnetic Moments in Magnetic Thin Films and Multilayers

   Författare :Hans Lidbaum; Klaus Leifer; Peter Svedlindh; Josef Zweck; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Transmission electron microscopy; TEM; magnetism; multilayer; superlattice; thin films; amorphous metals; electron energy-loss magnetic circular dichroism; EMCD; electron diffraction; Magnetism; Magnetism; Surfaces and interfaces; Ytor och mellanytor; Physics; Fysik; Engineering Science with specialization in Solid State Physics; Teknisk fysik med inriktning mot fasta tillståndets fysik; Materiefysik; Physics of Matter;

   Sammanfattning : Structural characterization is essential for the understanding of the magnetic properties of thin films and multilayers. In this thesis, both crystalline and amorphous thin films and multilayers were analyzed utilizing transmission electron microscopy (TEM). LÄS MER

7. 5. Numerical Simulations of Plasmonic Nanostructures

   Författare :Joan Alegret; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; nanoholes; DDA; Green s tensor; nanostructures; surface plasmons;

   Sammanfattning : This thesis focuses on the study of metallic nanostructures that support plasmons. Special emphasis is devoted to two specific numerical methods that allow us to predict plasmon characteristics: the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) and the Green's tensor (GT) method. LÄS MER