Sökning: "John Cantwell"

Visar resultat 11 - 15 av 16 avhandlingar innehållade orden John Cantwell.

1. 11. Philosophical Issues in Medical Intervention Research

   Författare :Jesper Jerkert; Sven Ove Hansson; Tor Sandqvist; John Cantwell; Nils-Eric Sahlin; KTH; []
   Nyckelord :HUMANIORA; HUMANITIES; scientific method; study design; methodology; alternative medicine; medical research; individualized treatments; eligibility; confounders; evidence; evidence-based medicine; mechanistic reasoning; hierarchy of evidence; Filosofi; Philosophy;

   Sammanfattning : The thesis consists of an introduction and two papers. In the introduction a brief historical survey of empirical investigations into the effectiveness of medicinal interventions is given. Also, the main ideas of the EBM (evidence-based medicine) movement are presented. LÄS MER

3. 12. Philosophical controversies in the evaluation of medical treatments : With a focus on the evidential roles of randomization and mechanisms in Evidence-Based Medicine

   Författare :Alexander Mebius; John Cantwell; Jeremy Howick; Sven Ove Hansson; Julian Reiss; KTH; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; HUMANIORA; HUMANITIES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Evidence; randomized controlled trials; observational studies; systematic reviews; meta-analysis; methodology; process assessment; outcome assessment; medical care; randomization; evidence-based medicine; selection bias; philosophy of medicine; philosophy of science; mechanisms; quality of evidence; animal studies; treatment effect; causation by absence; medical technology; Filosofi; Philosophy;

   Sammanfattning : This thesis examines philosophical controversies surrounding the evaluation of medical treatments, with a focus on the evidential roles of randomised trials and mechanisms in Evidence-Based Medicine. Current 'best practice' usually involves excluding non-randomised trial evidence from systematic reviews in cases where randomised trials are available for inclusion in the reviews. LÄS MER

4. 13. Moral responsibility and the ethics of traffic safety

   Författare :Jessica Nihlén Fahlquist; John Cantwell; Tuija Takala; KTH; []
   Nyckelord :HUMANIORA; HUMANITIES; moral responsibility; ethics; traffic safety; public health; environment; Philosophy subjects; Filosofiämnen;

   Sammanfattning : The general aim of this thesis is to present and analyse traffic safety from an ethical perspective and to explore some conceptual and normative aspects of moral responsibility. Paper I presents eight ethical problem areas that should be further analysed in relation to traffic safety. LÄS MER

5. 14. Ethical aspects of radiation protection

   Författare :Per Wikman-Svahn; John Cantwell; Gustaf Arrhenius; KTH; []
   Nyckelord :HUMANIORA; HUMANITIES; Radiation; risk; ethics; Philosophy subjects; Filosofiämnen;

   Sammanfattning : This aim of this thesis is to examine ethical aspects of radiation protection from ionizing radiation. Radiation protection is the professional field that deals with the protection of humans and the environment from the harmful effects of radiation. LÄS MER

7. 15. Ethical Aspects of Radiation Risk Management

   Författare :Per Wikman-Svahn; John Cantwell; Carl F. Cranor; KTH; []
   Nyckelord :HUMANIORA; HUMANITIES; HUMANIORA; HUMANITIES; radiation protection; radiological protection; nuclear power; nuclear energy; social issues; ethical issues; ethics; risk; uncertainty; value judgments; precautionary principle; distributive issues; justice; limits; prioritarianism; responsibility; egalitarianism; black swan; black elephant; risk management;

   Sammanfattning : This thesis is based on the assumption that the intersection of moral philosophy and practical risk management is a rewarding area to study. In particular, the thesis assumes that concepts, ideas, and methods that are used in moral philosophy can be of great benefit for risk analysis, but also that practices in risk regulation provide a useful testing ground for moral philosophical theories. LÄS MER