Sökning: "John Cantwell"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 16 avhandlingar innehållade orden John Cantwell.

  1. 1. Non-linear belief revision : Foundations and applications : by John Cantwell

    Författare :John Cantwell; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :HUMANIORA; HUMANITIES; Philosophy; Belief revision; iterated belief revision; non-linear belief revision; epistemic entrenchment; plausibility relations; possibility relations; preferential relations; sources of information; contradictory information; non-prioritised belief revision; AGM; Filosofi; Philosophy subjects; Filosofiämnen; teoretisk filosofi; Theoretical Philosophy;

    Sammanfattning : Three structures for belief revision: plausability relations on states, relations of epistemic entrenchment on propositions and systems of spheres (hypertheories), are generalised to the non-linear (non-connected) case. The further generalisation to the case of sets of such structures is also investigated. LÄS MER

  3. 2. Is it safe? safety factor reasoning in policy-making under uncertainty

    Författare :Jonas Clausen Mork; John Cantwell; Stig Andur Pedersen; KTH; []
    Nyckelord :HUMANIORA; HUMANITIES; safety factor; uncertainty factor; uncertainty function; uncertainty; rationality; policy; decision; science; risk; Philosophy subjects; Filosofiämnen;

    Sammanfattning : This thesis examines the practice of using safety factors in decision-making under uncertainty, in particular in the areas of toxicology and civil engineering. The aim is to expose and clarify some of the philosophical issues surrounding the practice. LÄS MER

  4. 3. In the name of research : Essays on the ethical treatment of human research subjects

    Författare :Sara Belfrage; Sven Ove Hansson; John Cantwell; Matti Häyry; KTH; []
    Nyckelord :HUMANIORA; HUMANITIES; Research ethics; informed consent; traffic research; exploitation; coercive offer; compensation; gift-giving; Filosofi; Philosophy;

    Sammanfattning : Essay 1: Traffic research shares a fundamental dilemma with other areas of empirical research in which humans are potentially put at risk. Research is justified because it can improve safety in the long run. Nevertheless, people can be harmed in the research situation. LÄS MER

  5. 4. Dealing with uncertainty

    Författare :Jonas Clausen Mork; John Cantwell; Till Grüne-Yanoff; Terje Aven; KTH; []
    Nyckelord :HUMANIORA; HUMANITIES; safety factor; safety margin; uncertainty factor; uncertainty function; uncertainty; information; risk; risk assessment; risk management; epistemology; science; reasoning;

    Sammanfattning : Uncertainty is, it seems, more or less constantly present in our lives. Even so, grasping the concept philosophically is far from trivial. In this doctoral thesis, uncertainty and its conceptual companion information are studied. Axiomatic analyses are provided and numerical measures suggested. LÄS MER

  7. 5. Rational Goal-Setting in Environmental Policy : Foundations and Applications

    Författare :Karin Edvardsson Björnberg; John Cantwell; Luc Bovens; KTH; []
    Nyckelord :HUMANIORA; HUMANITIES; goal-setting; rationality; goal systems; precision; evaluability; attainability; motivity; coherence; operationalization; means and ends; support relations; goal conflicts; utopianism; self-defeating goals; management by objectives MBO ; environmental quality objectives; sustainable development; Philosophy subjects; Filosofiämnen;

    Sammanfattning :  The overall aim of this thesis is to present a model for rational goal-setting and to illustrate how it can be applied in evaluations of public policies, in particular policies concerning sustainable development and environmental quality. The contents of the thesis are divided into two sections: a theoretical section (Papers I-IV) and an empirical section (Papers V-VII). LÄS MER