Sökning: "Free troposphere"

Hittade 5 avhandlingar innehållade orden Free troposphere.

  1. 1. Airborne particulate matter in a Sub-Saharan Africa city: Nairobi, Kenya, and at an Equatorial high altitude site: Mount Kenya

    Författare :Samuel Mwaniki Gaita; Göteborgs universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; X-ray Fluorescence XRF ; Particle Induced X-ray Emission PIXE ; Particulate matter pollutants; Source apportionment; sub-Saharan Africa; Deposition fractions; High- altitude; Free troposphere; Spatial distribution;

    Sammanfattning : In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), air quality is gravely understudied despite the existing influential factors such a rapid urbanization and population growth that negatively affect the environment. Majority of urban areas in SSA face challenges that include lack of social services, poor infrastructure development, exponential increase of second-hand vehicles and extensive use of biomass-based fuel for energy needs. LÄS MER

  3. 2. Satellite measurements of upper tropospheric water

    Författare :Mattias Ekström; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
    Nyckelord :TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; cloud ice; upper troposphere; microwave; retrieval; the Odin satellite; humidity; limb-sounding;

    Sammanfattning : Water vapour and clouds in the upper troposphere have strong influence on the Earth's climate system. The present uncertainties regarding the distribution and feedback mechanisms of water to a changing climate are today among the greatest limitations for accurate climate predictions. LÄS MER

  4. 3. Properties and Origin of Arctic Aerosols

    Författare :Ann-Christine Engvall; Jörg Gumbel; Frode Stordal; Stockholms universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Arctic aerosols; Arctic troposphere; air-mass transport; Atmosphere and hydrosphere sciences; Atmosfärs- och hydrosfärsvetenskap; atmosfärvetenskap; Atmospheric Sciences;

    Sammanfattning : The present thesis deals with the origin and physics of aerosols in the Arctic atmosphere. These show a large annual variability due to changes of the photochemical and cloud processes as well as of the synoptic-scale atmospheric pressure patterns. LÄS MER

  5. 4. Optics for Earth Observation Instruments

    Författare :Arvid Hammar; Chalmers tekniska högskola; []
    Nyckelord :TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER; ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; off-axis; free-form mirrors; measurements; stray light; spline horns; THz; reflector optics; satellites; scientific instruments; diamond turning; tolerancing; telescopes;

    Sammanfattning : The optical system is an essential part of every remote sensing instrument used for detecting electromagnetic waves. Careful design, fabrication and characterization is therefore crucial, especially for satellite-borne missions where the possibility of post-launch repairs is highly limited. LÄS MER

  7. 5. Aerosol impacts on subtropical low-level clouds: a satellite and modelling perspective

    Författare :Alejandro Baró Pérez; Annica M.L. Ekman; Frida A.-M. Bender; Abhay Devasthale; Jens Redemann; Stockholms universitet; []
    Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions; cloud microphysics; biomass burning; stratocumulus to cumulus transition; cloud radiative effect; Atmospheric Sciences and Oceanography; atmosfärvetenskap och oceanografi;

    Sammanfattning : Complex interactions between aerosols, clouds, and radiation impact Earth's climate. However, several aspects of these interactions remain uncertain, which has led to extensive research over the last decades. LÄS MER