Sökning: "CYPs"

Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 20 avhandlingar innehållade ordet CYPs.

1. 1. Expression of Genes Encoding for Drug Metabolism in the Small Intestine

   Författare :Monica Lindell; Hans Lennernäs; Matti Lang; Olavi Pelkonen; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Pharmaceutical biochemistry; CYPs; UGTs; interindividual variation; small intestine; human; rat; artemisinin; CAR-receptor regulation; Farmaceutisk biokemi; Pharmaceutical biochemistry; Farmaceutisk biokemi;

   Sammanfattning : This investigation focused on the mRNA expression of drug metabolising Cytochromes P-450 (CYP) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) and the transport protein P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the small intestine of humans and rats.The mRNA expression of the investigated genes in the human small intestine (duodenum) varies between individuals giving each one of us personal profile. LÄS MER

3. 2. Cytochrome P450 in the rat brain : characterization and regulation

   Författare :Eva Hedlund; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :;

   Sammanfattning : Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are key enzymes in the metabolism of cholesterol and fatty acids and their derivatives in the body. In the adrenals and gonads these enzymes are involved in steroid hormone biosynthesis, in the liver in bile acid synthesis, in the kidney in synthesis of the calcitropic hormone, calcitriol, and in the cardiovascular system in synthesis of thromboxane A2, a potent inducer of vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation. LÄS MER

4. 3. Intestinal barriers to oral drug absorption: Cytochrome P450 3A and ABC-transport proteins

   Författare :Helena Engman; Per Artursson; Hans Lenernäs; Heyo K Kroemer; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Pharmaceutics; oral drug delivery; bioavailability; human jejunum; Caco-2; ABC-transporter; P-glycoprotein; CYP3A; Galenisk farmaci; Pharmaceutics; Galenisk farmaci;

   Sammanfattning : The subject of this thesis was to study two intestinal barriers to oral drug bioavailability, drug efflux proteins of the ABC-transporter family, and in particular ABCB1/P-glycoprotein (Pgp), and the drug metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4. At the onset of this thesis, similarities between CYP3A4 and Pgp in terms of their tissue distribution and gene regulation, along with overlapping substrate specificities, had generated the hypothesis that CYP3A4 and Pgp may have a complementary function and thus form a coordinated intestinal barrier to drug absorption and gut wall metabolism. LÄS MER

5. 4. Charcterization of biotransformation systems in human cells

   Författare :Therese Söderdahl; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :;

   Sammanfattning : Efforts are continuously being made to improve test procedures so that predictions of toxicity can be made earlier and more accurately. Understanding mechanisms of toxicity is an important part of improving safety assessment, but for this, simplified methods and models to screen for mechanisms associated with toxicity are required. LÄS MER

7. 5. Experimental design of phenotyping probe drugs with emphasis on CYP1A2 : their use in studies on genetic and environmental regulation of drug metabolism

   Författare :Magnus Christensen; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :Drug metabolism; phenotype; CYP1A2; caffeine; melatonin; fluvoxamine; omeprazole; losartan; debrisoquine; quinine; genotype; single nucleotide polymorphism;

   Sammanfattning : Assessment of the cytochrome (CYP) P450 enzyme activity or phenotyping is a method to characterise the real activity of an enzyme by the use of a marker probe drug. The information of the phenotype is of clinical relevance because it reflects the combined effects of genetic, environmental e.g. LÄS MER