Sökning: "Antibiotic"
Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 607 avhandlingar innehållade ordet Antibiotic.
1. Antibiotic Resistance : Selection in the Presence of Metals and Antimicrobials
Sammanfattning : The external environment is complex: Antibiotics, metals and antimicrobials do not exist in isolation but in mixtures. Human activities such as animal husbandry, fertilization of agricultural fields and human medicine release high amounts these compounds into the environment. LÄS MER
2. Antibiotic Resistance in Wastewater : Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)and antibiotic resistance genes
Sammanfattning : A large part of the antibiotics consumed ends up in wastewater, and in the wastewater the antibiotics may exert selective pressure for or maintain resistance among microorganisms. Antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes encoding antibiotic resistance are commonly detected in wastewater, often at higher rates and concentrations compared to surface water. LÄS MER
3. Antibiotic use among children in low- and middle-income countries : Studies on global trends, and contextual determinants of antibiotic prescribing in Eastern Uganda
Sammanfattning : This thesis aimed to systematically map trends in reported antibiotic use (RAU) among sick under-five children across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in 2005-2017, and, to understand the contextual determinants of antibiotic prescribing in Eastern Uganda. Based on 132 national surveys from 73 LMICs, and using Bayesian linear regression models, trends in RAU among sick under-five children (with symptoms of fever, diarrhoea or cough with fast/difficult breathing) across LMICs in 2005-2017 were mapped by WHO region, World Bank country income group, symptom complaint (Study-I), and by the following user characteristics: rural/urban residence, maternal education, household wealth and source of care (Study-II). LÄS MER
4. Antibiotic resistance gone wild : A One Health perspective on carriage, selection and transmission of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporinase- and Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae
Sammanfattning : Antibiotics have saved millions of lives since they came into clinical use during the Second World War in the 1940s. Today, our effective use of antibiotics is under great threat due to emerging antibiotic resistance in bacteria. This thesis addresses the problems of antibiotic resistance from a ”One Health” perspective. LÄS MER
5. Clostridium difficile : epidemiology and antibiotic resistance
Sammanfattning : Clostridium difficile is a spore-forming toxin-producing intestinal bacterium abundant in soils and waters. This pathogen relies on increased growth by a disturbed intestinal microflora and the production of two cytotoxins, toxin A and toxin B, which may cause anything from mild self-limiting C. LÄS MER