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Visar resultat 1 - 5 av 130 avhandlingar som matchar ovanstående sökkriterier.

1. 1. Evaluation of absorbed dose and image quality in mammography

   Författare :Bengt Hemdal; Malmö Medicinsk strålningsfysik; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; optically stimulated luminescence; radioluminescence; in vivo dosimetry; dose reduction; dose protocol; average glandular dose; absorbed dose; Breast cancer; mammography; Monte Carlo; image quality; image quality criteria; contrast-detail phantom;

   Sammanfattning : Mammography refers to the X-ray examination of the human breast, and is considered the single most important diagnostic tool in the early detection of breast cancer, which is by far the most common cancer among women. There is good evidence from clinical trials, that mammographic screening can reduce the breast cancer mortality with about 30%. LÄS MER

3. 2. Absorbed dose and biological effect in light ion therapy

   Författare :Malin Hollmark; Irena Gudowska; Oliver Jäkel; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Light ion therapy; absorbed dose calculation; analytical pencil beam model; Monte Carlo; radiobiological modeling; Radiological physics; Radiofysik; medicinsk strålningsfysik; Medical Radiation Physics;

   Sammanfattning : Radiation therapy with light ions improves treatment outcome for a number of tumor types. The advantageous dose distributions of light ion beams en-able exceptional target conformity, which assures high dose delivery to the tumor while minimizing the dose to surrounding normal tissues. LÄS MER

4. 3. Development and evaluation of an independent system for absorbed dose calculations in radiotherapy

   Författare :Stefan Johnsson; Lund Medicinsk strålningsfysik; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; medicinsk instrumentering; tomografi; radiologi; Klinisk fysiologi; tomography; medical instrumentation; radiology; Clinical physics; cancer; Cytologi; onkologi; cancerology; oncology; Cytology; PDA; mini-phantom; in-air equivalence; primary kerma; transmission measurement; stopping power ratio; entrance dose; beam quality; quality control; error prevention; monitor unit calculation; radiation therapy; dose calculation;

   Sammanfattning : The aim of this work was to develop, implement and evaluate an independent system with which to calculate the absorbed dose, delivered by high-energy X-ray beams, to the prescription point and the depth of dose maximum. The introduction of such a system in the clinical routine may help ensure high-quality treatment and avoidance of errors which may jeopardise the clinical outcome of the treatment (i. LÄS MER

5. 4. Radioiodine Therapy of Hyperthyroidism - Simplified patient-specific absorbed dose planning

   Författare :Helene Jönsson; Malmö Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; radiobiologi; Radiofarmaceutisk teknik; Radiopharmaceutical technology; absorbed dose. optimise; hyperthyroidism; therapy; 131-I; radioiodine; Nukleärmedicin; radiobiology; Nuclear medicine;

   Sammanfattning : Radioiodine therapy of hyperthyroidism is the most frequently performed radiopharmaceutical therapy. To calculate the activity of 131-I to be administered for giving a certain absorbed dose to the thyroid, the mass of the thyroid and the individual biokinetic data, normally in the form of uptake and biologic half-time, have to be determined. LÄS MER

7. 5. Cellular effects of ionizing radiation : Relevant for understanding cancer risk after medical and environmental radiation exposures

   Författare :Pamela Chiaka Akuwudike; Andrzej Wojcik; Lovisa Lundholm; Kerstin Borgmann; Stockholms universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Radiation; DNA damage; radiation-induced carcinogenesis; second primary cancer; cisplatin chemoradiotherapy; dose fractionation; low dose; low dose rate; dose and dose rate effectiveness factor DDREF ; molekylär biovetenskap; Molecular Bioscience;

   Sammanfattning : Radiation-induced cancers are stochastic and delayed effects of exposure to ionizing radiation. The dose-response relationship for radiation-induced cancers at both low dose/low dose rates and high doses (doses encountered during radiotherapy) remains unclear. LÄS MER