Sökning: "β-lactam"

Visar resultat 6 - 10 av 26 avhandlingar innehållade ordet β-lactam.

1. 6. Individualized treatment and control of bacterial infections

   Författare :Hanna Woksepp; Thomas Schön; Anders Johansson; Linnéuniversitetet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; therapeutic drug monitoring; intensive care unit; β-lactam antibiotics; antimicrobial drug resistance; molecular typing; whole-genome sequencing; Biomedical Sciences; Biomedicinsk vetenskap;

   Sammanfattning : Infectious diseases cause substantial morbidity and mortality, exacerbated by increasing antibiotic resistance. In critically ill patients, recent studies indicate a substantial variability in β-lactam antibiotic levels when standardized dosing is applied. LÄS MER

3. 7. Antibiotic-induced Bacterial Toxin Release – Inhibition by Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

   Författare :Gunilla Hjerdt-Goscinski; Jan Sjölin; Monica Lundholm; Inga Odenholt; Ingrid Nilsson-Ehle; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Communicable diseases; Endotoxin; LPS; exotoxin; SpeA; penicillin-binding protein; aminoglycosides; clindamycin; β-lactam antibiotics; severe sepsis; septic shock; Infektionssjukdomar; Infectious diseases; Infektionssjukdomar;

   Sammanfattning : Toxic products, such as endotoxin from the gram-negative and exotoxin from the gram-positive bacteria, are the most important initiators of the inflammatory host response in sepsis. In addition to antibacterial treatment, numerous attempts have been made to interfere with the exaggerated proinflammatory cascade initiated by the toxins. LÄS MER

4. 8. Biological and Pharmacological Factor that Influence the Selection of Antibiotic Resistance

   Författare :Ingegerd Gustafsson; Otto Cars; Niels Frimodt-Möller; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :NATURVETENSKAP; NATURAL SCIENCES; Microbiology; Human microflora; antibiotic resistance; selection; mutation frequency; biological fitness; pharmacokinetics; pharmacodynamics; β-lactam antibiotics; suboptimal dosing regimen; Mikrobiologi; Microbiology; Mikrobiologi; Klinisk bakteriologi; Clinical Bacteriology;

   Sammanfattning : Antibiotic treatment causes an ecological disturbance on the human microflora. Four commensal bacteria: E. coli, enterococci, a-streptococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci, from patients with extensive, high antibiotic usage were investigated with regard to resistance pattern and mutation frequency. LÄS MER

5. 9. Studies on two bacterial resistance mechanisms to β-lactam antibiotics : extended spectrum β-lactamases in Klebsiella oxytoca and methicillin resistance in staphylococci

   Författare :Shang Wei Wu; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; []
   Nyckelord :;

   Sammanfattning : Eleven clinical isolates of Klebsiella oxytoca from Stockholm hospitals were found to be resistant to aztreonam and cefuroxime (MIC > 16 mg/L). The resistance was caused by a ß-lactamase with pI 5.25 and designated KH. Assay of the substrate profiles revealed that the KH ß-lactarnase was similar to the chromosomally encoded OXY-2 ß-lactamase. LÄS MER

7. 10. β-lactam combinations against multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales : Exploring combination effects and resistance development

   Författare :Lisa Allander; Thomas Tängdén; Linus Sandegren; Pernilla Lagerbäck; Arnfinn Sundsfjord; Uppsala universitet; []
   Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Gram-negative bacteria; antibiotic combination therapy; antibiotic resistance; beta-lactams; beta-lactamase inhibitors; Infektionssjukdomar; Infectious Diseases;

   Sammanfattning : The β-lactam antibiotics are a cornerstone in treating bacterial infections, but the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance worldwide threatens their effectiveness. The main driver of β-lactam resistance is the production of β-lactamases, which are bacterial enzymes that inactivate the antibiotic. LÄS MER