Sökning: "β-cells"

Visar resultat 21 - 25 av 143 avhandlingar innehållade ordet β-cells.

  1. 21. Omics Techniques Applied to Diabetes Research - Focus on HSL-Null Mice and Clonal β-Cells

    Författare :Celine Fernandez; Molekylär endokrinologi; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; metabolomics; transcriptomics; treadmill; liver; HSL; cholesterol; proteomics;

    Sammanfattning : Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by increased blood glucose levels. For overt type 2 diabetes to develop, both insulin action and insulin secretion must be perturbed. LÄS MER

  3. 22. Environmental input to the pancreatic β-cells - the role of mechanosensitive and other ion channels

    Författare :Ye Yingying; Diabetes - öpatofysiologi; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; T2D; pancreatic islets; mechanosensitive channels; Piezo1; beta-cell specific Piezo1 knockout mouse; Tcf7l2; alpha2delta-1; MafA; gamma4; beta-cell function; insulin secretion; dedifferentiation; Ca2 signaling; transcription factor;

    Sammanfattning : Compound input from genetic predisposition, environmental factors and lifestyle lead to beta-cell dysfunction which initiates the development of type 2 diabetes. Understanding the linkage between the environmental input and gene regulatory pathways controlling beta-cell function is key for developing novel therapies against T2D. LÄS MER

  4. 23. Innate immunity in diabetes mellitus. Complement components C4BP and C3 promote survival of β cells under metabolic challenges

    Författare :Klaudia Kulak; Malmö Proteinkemi; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; Complement System; Inflammasome; Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; Complement C3; C4b-binding protein C4BP ; Interleukin 1β; Autophagy-Related Protein 16 like 1; Diabetes mellitus; type 2;

    Sammanfattning : The Complement system is a main effector mechanism of the innate immune system, acting to enhance clearance of pathogens, but also aids removal of biological debris from the body, including immunocomplexes, apoptotic/necrotic cells and protein aggregates. Complement regulators serve to prevent excessive inflammation and their interaction with the same materials targeted by the complement system results in ‘silent’ cleaning of wastes. LÄS MER

  5. 24. On the Generation of cAMP Oscillations and Regulation of the Ca2+ Store-operated Pathway in Pancreatic Islet α- and β-cells

    Författare :Geng Tian; Erik Gylfe; Anders Tengholm; Patrick Gilon; Uppsala universitet; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; cAMP; oscillations; adrenaline; GLP-1; phosphodiesterase; palmitate; STIM1; Orai1; store-operated calcium entry; insulin secretion; glucagon secretion; β-cell; α-cell; Medical Cell Biology; Medicinsk cellbiologi;

    Sammanfattning : Insulin and glucagon are released in pulses from pancreatic β- and α-cells, respectively. Both cell types are electrically excitable, and elevation of the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) due to depolarization with voltage-dependent entry of the cation is the main trigger of hormone secretion. LÄS MER

  7. 25. Short- and long-term effects of long-chain free fatty acids on pancreatic α- and β-cell function

    Författare :Charlotta Olofsson; Institutionen för experimentell medicinsk vetenskap; []
    Nyckelord :MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP; MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES; diabetologi; sekretion; Endokrinologi; diabetology; secreting systems; Endocrinology; type-2 diabetes.; intracellular free Ca2 ; exocytosis; Free fatty acids; pancreatic α- and β-cells;

    Sammanfattning : We have investigated the in vitro effects of long-chain free fatty acids (FFAs) on mouse pancreatic α- and β-cells by a combination of electrophysiological recordings, intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) microfluorimetry and hormone release measurements. Acute addition of the saturated FFA palmitate to intact islets doubled insulin as well as glucagon secretion in the presence of 1 or 15 mM glucose and the FFA remained capable of enhancing release of both hormones in islets depolarised with high K+ in the presence of the KATP channel opener diazoxide, indicating that alterations of ATP sensitive potassium (KATP) channel activity is not part of the effect. LÄS MER