Jysk -de-bõjning : En undersõgelse af svag præteritumbõjning : an investigation of weak preterite forms

Sammanfattning: In this thesis, an investigation of past tense conjugation of weak verbs in traditional Jutland dialects is undertaken. The past tense endings in focus are those which do not correspond with the -ede-ending or the -te-ending known from Standard Danish, but which correspond with the endings -de, -the, -(d)de known from Medieval Danish. In the thesis these are called the -de-endings or the -de-conjugation. In Standard Danish these endings are relics, as only seven verbs in Standard Danish have a -de-ending.For the purpose of this investigation a database consisting of about 3,600 occurrences of about 400 different verbs has been set up. The material has been excerpted from 20 different sources of traditional Jutland dialects.The thesis consists of a description of the past tense forms in Medieval Danish, Standard Danish, and the Jutland dialects. After identification of the Jutland endings, there follows a description of the geographical distribution, and finally there is a perspective view of the neighbouring dialects and languages.The investigation shows that the connection with the Medieval Danish conjugation system is obvious; the -de-endings in Jutland dialects occur in the same verbs as in Medieval Danish, namely after verbs with stem ending in a voiced consonant or vowel. And the Jutland past tense forms correspond historically with the Medieval Danish forms too. The -de-endings occur both after native verbs and verbs borrowed from Low German. The Low German verbs with -de-conjugation show that the -de-conjugation must have been productive at the time of borrowing. Most of the Jutland past tense -de-forms can be explained as result of sound changes, but there are also some cases where the explanation must be analogy.