Parti av ny typ? : Skapandet av ett svenskt kommunistiskt parti 1917-1933
Sammanfattning: This thesis studies the transformation of the left Social-Democratic Party of Sweden, Sveriges Socialdemokratiska Vänsterparti (SSV), into a Bolshevised Communist party, thus representing a new kind of party. SSV was established in 1917 and transformed, as a result of this process, into the Swedish Communist Party, Sveriges Kommunistiska Parti (SKP). The thesis is highlighting what this process entailed and why it came about.This transformation is analysed both from below, i.e. by placing the transformation in a national political context, and from within, by applying an organisation-dynamic perspective to the development of the party.The thesis studies the fundamental ideas behind the left-wing socialist party, which were characterised by the resistance to the industrial capitalist logic that leading left-wing socialists viewed as the great threat of the time. This was reflected in the actual structure of the party organisation, which was to be characterised by democracy. The expectations of success for the new party were however not met. Leading party representatives saw a growing political isolation as a result of the election defeats of 1917 and 1920 and in the movement for solidarity with Finland’s workers. The party thus initiated an institutionalisation process which undermined previous foundations, and in 1921, the party adopted the 21 organisational conditions of Comintern in an attempt to strengthen the party following yet another election defeat.The thesis characterises this transformation as a process of crystallisation, in which the party took a “stricter” organisational form and became politically “clearer”. The conditions of Comintern strengthened this process, but did not cause it. The party transformation was however not finished in 1921. During the course of the 1920s, the party representatives sought to create a party based on a cellular structure. Also these efforts met with a number of obstacles. The context in which the party was operating – non-revolutionary times with strong social democracy, popular movement traditions as well as a liberal parliamentary system – forced the party to perform a constant balancing-act between isolation and a diminished profile.
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